2024年最新Python-Matplotlib可视化（10）——一文详解3D统计图的绘制

def lorenz_map(x, dt = 1e-2):

x_dt = np.array([a * (x[1] - x[0]), x[0] * (b - x[2]) - x[1], x[0] * x[1] - c * x[2]])

return x + dt * x_dt

points = np.zeros((8000, 3))

x = np.array([.1, .0, .0])

for i in range(points.shape[0]):

points[i], x = x, lorenz_map(x)

Plotting

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.gca(projection = ‘3d’)

ax.set_xlabel(‘X axis’)

ax.set_ylabel(‘Y axis’)

ax.set_zlabel(‘Z axis’)

ax.set_title(‘Lorenz Attractor a=%0.2f b=%0.2f c=%0.2f’ % (a, b, c))

ax.plot(points[:, 0], points[:, 1], points[:, 2], c = ‘c’)

plt.show()

3D标量场

---

到目前为止，我们看到的3D绘图方式类似与相应的2D绘图方式，但也有许多特有的三维绘图功能，例如将二维标量场绘制为3D曲面：

import numpy as np

from matplotlib import cm

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 256)

y = np.linspace(-3, 3, 256)

x_grid, y_grid = np.meshgrid(x, y)

z = np.sinc(np.sqrt(x_grid ** 2 + y_grid ** 2))

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.gca(projection = ‘3d’)

ax.plot_surface(x_grid, y_grid, z, cmap=cm.viridis)

plt.show()

Tips