PyTorch 图像识别实战_花卉图像识别pytorch

import numpy as np
import time
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import json
import copy
import os
import torch
from torch import nn
from torch import optim
from torchvision import transforms, models, datasets

数据读取与预处理

数据预处理部分:
数据增强: torchvision 中 transforms 模块自带功能, 用于扩充数据样本
数据预处理: torchvision 中 transforms 也帮我们实现好了
数据分批: DataLoader 模块直接读取 batch 数据

# ----------------1. 数据读取与预处理------------------

# 路径
data_dir = './flower_data/'
train_dir = data_dir + '/train'
valid_dir = data_dir + '/valid'

# 制作数据源
data_transforms = {
    'train': transforms.Compose([transforms.RandomRotation(45),  #随机旋转，-45到45度之间随机选
        transforms.CenterCrop(224),  #从中心开始裁剪
        transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(p=0.5),  #随机水平翻转 选择一个概率概率
        transforms.RandomVerticalFlip(p=0.5),  #随机垂直翻转
        transforms.ColorJitter(brightness=0.2, contrast=0.1, saturation=0.1, hue=0.1),  #参数1为亮度, 参数2为对比度，参数3为饱和度，参数4为色相
        transforms.RandomGrayscale(p=0.025),  #概率转换成灰度率, 3通道就是R=G=B
        transforms.ToTensor(),
        transforms.Normalize([0.485, 0.456, 0.406], [0.229, 0.224, 0.225])  #均值, 标准差
    ]),
    'valid': transforms.Compose([transforms.Resize(256),
        transforms.CenterCrop(224),
        transforms.ToTensor(),
        transforms.Normalize([0.485, 0.456, 0.406], [0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
    ]),
}

batch_size = 8

image_datasets = {x: datasets.ImageFolder(os.path.join(data_dir, x), data_transforms[x]) for x in ['train', 'valid']}
dataloaders = {x: torch.utils.data.DataLoader(image_datasets[x], batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True) for x in ['train', 'valid']}
dataset_sizes = {x: len(image_datasets[x]) for x in ['train', 'valid']}
class_names = image_datasets['train'].classes

# 调试输出
print(image_datasets)
print(dataloaders)
print(dataset_sizes)
print(class_names)

# 读取标签对应的实际名字
with open('cat_to_name.json', 'r') as f:
    cat_to_name = json.load(f)

print(cat_to_name)

输出结果:
{'train': Dataset ImageFolder
    Number of datapoints: 6552
    Root location: ./flower_data/train
    StandardTransform
Transform: Compose(
               RandomRotation(degrees=(-45, 45), resample=False, expand=False)
               CenterCrop(size=(224, 224))
               RandomHorizontalFlip(p=0.5)
               RandomVerticalFlip(p=0.5)
               ColorJitter(brightness=[0.8, 1.2], contrast=[0.9, 1.1], saturation=[0.9, 1.1], hue=[-0.1, 0.1])
               RandomGrayscale(p=0.025)
               ToTensor()
               Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
           ), 'valid': Dataset ImageFolder
    Number of datapoints: 818
    Root location: ./flower_data/valid
    StandardTransform
Transform: Compose(
               Resize(size=256, interpolation=PIL.Image.BILINEAR)
               CenterCrop(size=(224, 224))
               ToTensor()
               Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
           )}

{'train': <torch.utils.data.dataloader.DataLoader object at 0x000001B718A277F0>, 'valid': <torch.utils.data.dataloader.DataLoader object at 0x000001B718A27898>}

{'train': 6552, 'valid': 818}

['1', '10', '100', '101', '102', '11', '12', '13', '14', '15', '16', '17', '18', '19', '2', '20', '21', '22', '23', '24', '25', '26', '27', '28', '29', '3', '30', '31', '32', '33', '34', '35', '36', '37', '38', '39', '4', '40', '41', '42', '43', '44', '45', '46', '47', '48', '49', '5', '50', '51', '52', '53', '54', '55', '56', '57', '58', '59', '6', '60', '61', '62', '63', '64', '65', '66', '67', '68', '69', '7', '70', '71', '72', '73', '74', '75', '76', '77', '78', '79', '8', '80', '81', '82', '83', '84', '85', '86', '87', '88', '89', '9', '90', '91', '92', '93', '94', '95', '96', '97', '98', '99']

{'21': 'fire lily', '3': 'canterbury bells', '45': 'bolero deep blue', '1': 'pink primrose', '34': 'mexican aster', '27': 'prince of wales feathers', '7': 'moon orchid', '16': 'globe-flower', '25': 'grape hyacinth', '26': 'corn poppy', '79': 'toad lily', '39': 'siam tulip', '24': 'red ginger', '67': 'spring crocus', '35': 'alpine sea holly', '32': 'garden phlox', '10': 'globe thistle', '6': 'tiger lily', '93': 'ball moss', '33': 'love in the mist', '9': 'monkshood', '102': 'blackberry lily', '14': 'spear thistle', '19': 'balloon flower', '100': 'blanket flower', '13': 'king protea', '49': 'oxeye daisy', '15': 'yellow iris', '61': 'cautleya spicata', '31': 'carnation', '64': 'silverbush', '68': 'bearded iris', '63': 'black-eyed susan', '69': 'windflower', '62': 'japanese anemone', '20': 'giant white arum lily', '38': 'great masterwort', '4': 'sweet pea', '86': 'tree mallow', '101': 'trumpet creeper', '42': 'daffodil', '22': 'pincushion flower', '2': 'hard-leaved pocket orchid', '54': 'sunflower', '66': 'osteospermum', '70': 'tree poppy', '85': 'desert-rose', '99': 'bromelia', '87': 'magnolia', '5': 'english marigold', '92': 'bee balm', '28': 'stemless gentian', '97': 'mallow', '57': 'gaura', '40': 'lenten rose', '47': 'marigold', '59': 'orange dahlia', '48': 'buttercup', '55': 'pelargonium', '36': 'ruby-lipped cattleya', '91': 'hippeastrum', '29': 'artichoke', '71': 'gazania', '90': 'canna lily', '18': 'peruvian lily', '98': 'mexican petunia', '8': 'bird of paradise', '30': 'sweet william', '17': 'purple coneflower', '52': 'wild pansy', '84': 'columbine', '12': "colt's foot", '11': 'snapdragon', '96': 'camellia', '23': 'fritillary', '50': 'common dandelion', '44': 'poinsettia', '53': 'primula', '72': 'azalea', '65': 'californian poppy', '80': 'anthurium', '76': 'morning glory', '37': 'cape flower', '56': 'bishop of llandaff', '60': 'pink-yellow dahlia', '82': 'clematis', '58': 'geranium', '75': 'thorn apple', '41': 'barbeton daisy', '95': 'bougainvillea', '43': 'sword lily', '83': 'hibiscus', '78': 'lotus lotus', '88': 'cyclamen', '94': 'foxglove', '81': 'frangipani', '74': 'rose', '89': 'watercress', '73': 'water lily', '46': 'wallflower', '77': 'passion flower', '51': 'petunia'}

数据可视化

虽然我也不知道这些都是什么花, 但是还是一起来看一下. 有知道的大佬可以评论区留个言.

# ----------------2. 展示下数据------------------
def im_convert(tensor):
    """ 展示数据"""

    image = tensor.to("cpu").clone().detach()
    image = image.numpy().squeeze()
    image = image.transpose(1, 2, 0)
    image = image * np.array((0.229, 0.224, 0.225)) + np.array((0.485, 0.456, 0.406))
    image = image.clip(0, 1)

    return image


def im_convert(tensor):
    """ 展示数据"""

    image = tensor.to("cpu").clone().detach()
    image = image.numpy().squeeze()
    image = image.transpose(1, 2, 0)
    image = image * np.array((0.229, 0.224, 0.225)) + np.array((0.485, 0.456, 0.406))
    image = image.clip(0, 1)

    return image

fig=plt.figure(figsize=(20, 12))
columns = 4
rows = 2

dataiter = iter(dataloaders['valid'])
inputs, classes = dataiter.next()

for idx in range (columns*rows):
    ax = fig.add_subplot(rows, columns, idx+1, xticks=[], yticks=[])
    ax.set_title(cat_to_name[str(int(class_names[classes[idx]]))])
    plt.imshow(im_convert(inputs[idx]))
plt.show()

输出结果:

主体

加载参数

# ----------------3. 加载models中提供的模型------------------

# 直接使用训练好的权重当做初始化参数
model_name = "resnet"  # 可选的比较多 ['resnet', 'alexnet', 'vgg', 'squeezenet', 'densenet', 'inception']

# 是否使用人家训练好的特征来做
feature_extract = True

# 是否使用GPU训练
train_on_gpu = torch.cuda.is_available()

if not train_on_gpu:
    print('CUDA is not available.  Training on CPU ...')
else:
    print('CUDA is not available.  Training on CPU ...')

device = torch.device("cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

def set_parameter_requires_grad(model, feature_extracting):
    if feature_extracting:
        for param in model.parameters():
            param.requires_grad = False


model_ft = models.resnet152()
print(model_ft)

输出结果:
CUDA is not available.  Training on CPU ...
ResNet(
  (conv1): Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=(7, 7), stride=(2, 2), padding=(3, 3), bias=False)
  (bn1): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
  (relu): ReLU(inplace=True)
  (maxpool): MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, pa