如何在OpenCV Python中对给定的图像执行距离转换？

我们可以使用方法 cv2.distanceTransform（） 来执行距离变换。以下是此方法的语法。

语法

<span style="color:#212121"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="background-color:#272822"><span style="color:#f8f8d4"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#66d9ef">cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">distanceTransform</span><span style="color:#f8f8f2">（</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">src</span><span style="color:#f8f8f2">，</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">distanceType</span><span style="color:#f8f8f2">，</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">maskSize</span><span style="color:#f8f8f2">）</span></code></span></span></span></span>

此方法接受以下参数 −

• src − 8位，单通道（二进制）源图像。

• 距离类型 − 距离类型。

• maskSize − 距离变换掩码的大小。

步骤

要对图像执行距离变换，我们可以按照以下步骤进行-

• 导入所需的库。在所有以下示例中，所需的 Python 库是 OpenCV 。请确保您已经安装了它。

• 使用 cv2.imread（） 读取输入图像。使用此方法读取的 RGB 图像以 BGR 格式存储。可以将读取的 BGR 图像可选地分配给 img。

• 使用 cv2.cvtColor（） 函数将此 BGR 图像转换为灰度图像。可以将转换的灰度图像可选地分配给 gray。

• 现在，在灰度图像上应用阈值处理以将其转换为二进制图像。调整第二个参数（threshValue）以获得更好的二进制图像。

• 使用 cv2.distanceTransform（） 在二进制图像上应用距离转换。它返回一个距离变换图像。将此图像规范化为范围 [0，1]。

• 显示距离变换后的图像。

让我们看一些示例以更清晰地了解。

输入图像

我们将在以下示例中使用此图像作为输入文件。

示例

在此示例中，我们找到输入图像的距离变换。我们应用 cv2.DIST_L2 作为距离类型，并为掩码大小设置了3。

<span style="color:#212121"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="background-color:#272822"><span style="color:#f8f8d4"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#999999"><span style="color:#93a1a1">#以灰度模式加载图像</span></span>
<span style="color:#cc99cd"><span style="color:#f92659">import</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2
</span><span style="color:#cc99cd"><span style="color:#f92659">import</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> numpyas np
</span><span style="color:#cc99cd"><span style="color:#f92659">import</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> matplotlib</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">pyplot </span><span style="color:#cc99cd"><span style="color:#f92659">as</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt

</span><span style="color:#999999"><span style="color:#93a1a1">#读取输入图像</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
img </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">imread</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'sketch.jpg'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"><span style="color:#93a1a1">#使用阈值处理将图像转换为二进制图像</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
gray </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">cvtColor</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">img</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">COLOR_BGR2GRAY</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"><span style="color:#93a1a1">#将灰度图像转换为二进制图像</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
ret</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">thresh </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">threshold</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">gray</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">150</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">255</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">THRESH_BINARY</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"><span style="color:#93a1a1">#在二进制图像上应用距离转换</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
dist </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">distanceTransform</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">thresh</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">DIST_L2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">3</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"><span style="color:#93a1a1">#将图像规范化为范围 {0.0, 1.0}，以便我们可以可视化和阈值它</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">normalize</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> dist</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">1.0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">NORM_MINMAX</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">imshow</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'Distance Transform Image'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> dist</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">waitKey</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">destroyAllWindows</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>
</code></span></span></span></span>

输出

当您运行以上 Python 程序时，它将产生以下输出窗口−

示例

在这个例子中，我们计算输入图像的距离变换。我们应用五种不同的距离类型（distanceType）和掩膜大小（maskSize）为3。

<span style="color:#212121"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="background-color:#272822"><span style="color:#f8f8d4"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#999999"># 导入所需库</span>
<span style="color:#cc99cd"><span style="color:#f92659">import</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2
</span><span style="color:#cc99cd"><span style="color:#f92659">import</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> matplotlib</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">pyplot </span><span style="color:#cc99cd"><span style="color:#f92659">as</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt

</span><span style="color:#999999"># 读取输入图片</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
img </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">imread</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'sketch.jpg'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"># 将图像转换为灰度</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
gray </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">cvtColor</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">img</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">COLOR_BGR2GRAY</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"># 应用阈值将灰度图像转换为二进制图像</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
ret</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">thresh </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">threshold</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">gray</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">150</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">255</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">THRESH_BINARY</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"># 对二进制图像应用距离变换</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
dist_C </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">distanceTransform</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">thresh</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">DIST_C</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">3</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
dist_L1 </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">distanceTransform</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">thresh</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">DIST_L1</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">3</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
dist_L2 </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">distanceTransform</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">thresh</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">DIST_L2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">3</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
dist_LP </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">distanceTransform</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">thresh</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">DIST_LABEL_PIXEL</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">3</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
dist_M </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">distanceTransform</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">thresh</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">DIST_MASK_3</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">3</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"># 规范化距离图像的范围 = {0.0， 1.0}</span>

<span style="color:#999999"># 这样我们就可以可视化和阈值化它</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">normalize</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_C</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> dist_C</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">1.0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">NORM_MINMAX</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">normalize</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_L1</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> dist_L1</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">1.0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">NORM_MINMAX</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">normalize</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_L2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> dist_L2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">1.0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">NORM_MINMAX</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">normalize</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_LP</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> dist_LP</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">1.0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">NORM_MINMAX</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">normalize</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_M</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> dist_M</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span> <span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">1.0</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cv2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">NORM_MINMAX</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>

<span style="color:#999999"># 可视化距离图像</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">subplot</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">231</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">imshow</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_C</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cmap </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span> <span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'gray'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">title</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'DIST_C'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">xticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">yticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">subplot</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">232</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">imshow</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_L1</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cmap </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span> <span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'gray'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">title</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'DIST_L1'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">xticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">yticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">subplot</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">233</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">imshow</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_L2</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cmap </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span> <span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'gray'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">title</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'DIST_L2'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">xticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">yticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">subplot</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">234</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">imshow</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_LP</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cmap </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span> <span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'gray'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">title</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'DIST_LABEL_PIXEL'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">xticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">yticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">subplot</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#f08d49"><span style="color:#ae81ff">235</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">imshow</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">dist_M</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> cmap </span><span style="color:#67cdcc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">=</span></span> <span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'gray'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">title</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#7ec699"><span style="color:#e6db74">'DIST_MASK_3'</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">xticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">,</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef"> plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">yticks</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">[</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">]</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">
plt</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">.</span></span><span style="color:#66d9ef">show</span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">(</span></span><span style="color:#cccccc"><span style="color:#f8f8f2">)</span></span>
</code></span></span></span></span>

输出

运行上述Python程序后，将会产生以下输出窗口，显示应用不同distanceType后得到的不同转换。

请注意这五个 distanceTypes之间的区别。

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