建立一个链表，每个结点包括：学号、姓名、性别、年龄。输入一个年龄，如果链表中的结点所包含的年龄等于此年龄，则将此结点删去。

建立一个链表，每个结点包括：学号、姓名、性别、年龄。输入一个年龄，如果链表中的结点所包含的年龄等于此年龄，则将此结点删去。

方法一：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

//声明结构体struct Student
struct Student
{
	int num;
	char name[20];
	char sex;
	int age;
	struct Student* prev;
	struct Student* next;
};

struct Student* input(int);//声明输入函数
void append(struct Student**, struct Student*);//声明建立链表
void del_list(struct Student**, int);//声明删除一个链表中多个节点函数(由age)
struct Student* del_item(struct Student**, struct Student*);//声明删除单个节点函数
void print(struct Student*);//声明输出函数 

int main()
{
	struct Student* a;                              //定义指针a
	a = input(3);                                   //调用输入函数，输入a链表
	int age;
	printf("Please enter delete age: ");
	scanf("%d", &age);
	del_list(&a, age);                                     //从a中删除b
	print(a);
	return 0;
}

//输入函数
struct Student* input(int n)
{
	struct Student* head = NULL, * stu;
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)//动态初始化链表 
	{
		stu = (struct Student*)malloc(sizeof(struct Student));
		printf("Please enter No.%d student info: ", i);
		scanf("%d %s %c %d", &stu->num, stu->name, &stu->sex, &stu->age);
		append(&head, stu);
	}
	printf("\n");
	return head;
}

//建立链表操作 
void append(struct Student** head2, struct Student* stu)
{
	stu->next = NULL;
	if (*head2 == NULL)
	{
		stu->prev = NULL;
		*head2 = stu;
	}
	else
	{
		struct Student* p = *head2;
		while (p->next != NULL)
			p = p->next;
		p->next = stu;
		stu->prev = p;
	}
}

//删除一个链表中多个节点函数(由age)
void del_list(struct Student** head, int age)
{
	struct Student* p;
	for (p = *head; p != NULL; )
	{
		if (p->age == age)
			p = del_item(head, p);
		else
			p = p->next;
	}
}

//删除单个节点函数
struct Student* del_item(struct Student** head, struct Student* p)
{
	if (p == *head)
		*head = p->next;
	if (p->prev != NULL)
		p->prev->next = p->next;
	if (p->next != NULL)
		p->next->prev = p->prev;
	struct Student* next = p->next;
	return next;
}

//输出函数
void print(struct Student* stu)
{
	if (stu == NULL)
		printf("Empty Linked list.\n");
	else
	{
		struct Student* p;
		for (p = stu; p != NULL; p = p->next)
		{
			printf("%d %s %c %d\n", p->num, p->name, p->sex, p->age);
		}
	}
}

在VS2019下，需将源文件的scanf做些修改：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

//声明结构体struct Student
struct Student
{
	int num;
	char name[20];
	char sex;
	int age;
	struct Student* prev;
	struct Student* next;
};

struct Student* input(int);//声明输入函数
void append(struct Student**, struct Student*);//声明建立链表
void del_list(struct Student**, int);//声明删除一个链表中多个节点函数(由age)
struct Student* del_item(struct Student**, struct Student*);//声明删除单个节点函数
void print(struct Student*);//声明输出函数 

int main()
{
	struct Student* a;                              //定义指针a
	a = input(3);                                   //调用输入函数，输入a链表
	int age;
	printf("Please enter delete age: ");
	scanf_s("%d", &age);
	del_list(&a, age);                                     //从a中删除b
	print(a);
	return 0;
}

//输入函数
struct Student* input(int n)
{
	struct Student* head = NULL, * stu;
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)//动态初始化链表 
	{
		stu = (struct Student*)malloc(sizeof(struct Student));
		printf("Please enter No.%d student info: ", i);
		scanf_s("%d %s %c %d", &stu->num, stu->name, (unsigned int)sizeof(stu->name), &stu->sex, (unsigned int)sizeof(stu->sex), &stu->age);
		append(&head, stu);
	}
	printf("\n");
	return head;
}

//建立链表操作 
void append(struct Student** head2, struct Student* stu)
{
	stu->next = NULL;
	if (*head2 == NULL)
	{
		stu->prev = NULL;
		*head2 = stu;
	}
	else
	{
		struct Student* p = *head2;
		while (p->next != NULL)
			p = p->next;
		p->next = stu;
		stu->prev = p;
	}
}

//删除一个链表中多个节点函数(由age)
void del_list(struct Student** head, int age)
{
	struct Student* p;
	for (p = *head; p != NULL; )
	{
		if (p->age == age)
			p = del_item(head, p);
		else
			p = p->next;
	}
}

//删除单个节点函数
struct Student* del_item(struct Student** head, struct Student* p)
{
	if (p == *head)
		*head = p->next;
	if (p->prev != NULL)
		p->prev->next = p->next;
	if (p->next != NULL)
		p->next->prev = p->prev;
	struct Student* next = p->next;
	return next;
}

//输出函数
void print(struct Student* stu)
{
	if (stu == NULL)
		printf("Empty Linked list.\n");
	else
	{
		struct Student* p;
		for (p = stu; p != NULL; p = p->next)
		{
			printf("%d %s %c %d\n", p->num, p->name, p->sex, p->age);
		}
	}
}

方法一简化版：（简化input函数)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

//声明结构体struct Student
struct Student
{                                        
    int num;
    char name[20];
	char sex;
    int age;
	struct Student *prev;
    struct Student *next;
};
 
struct Student *input(struct Student *stu, int n);//声明输入函数
void append(struct Student **, struct Student *);//声明建立链表
void del_list(struct Student**, int);//声明删除一个链表中多个节点函数(由age)
struct Student* del_item(struct Student**, struct Student*);//声明删除单个节点函数
void print(struct Student *);//声明输出函数 

int main()
{
    struct Student *a=(struct Student*)malloc(3*sizeof(struct Student));//相当于struct Student a[3]
	struct Student *b=(struct Student*)malloc(2*sizeof(struct Student));//相当于struct Student b[3]
    a=input(a, 3);                                   //调用输入函数，输入a链表
    int age;
	printf("Please enter delete age: ");
	scanf("%d", &age);
	del_list(&a, age);                                     //从a中删除b
	print(a);
	free(a);
	free(b);
    return 0;
}

//输入函数
struct Student *input(struct Student *stu, int n)//先建立两个链表 
{
	int i=0;
	struct Student *p;
	for (p=stu; p<stu+n; p++, i++)
	{
		printf("Please enter No.%d student info; ", i+1);
		scanf("%d %s %c %d", &p->num, p->name, &p->sex, &p->age);
		i==0?(p->prev=NULL):(p->prev=&stu[i-1]);
		i==n-1 ? (p->next=NULL) : (p->next=&stu[i+1]);
	}
	printf("\n");
	return stu; 
}	

//删除一个链表中多个节点函数(由age)
void del_list(struct Student** head, int age)
{
	struct Student* p;
	for (p = *head; p != NULL; )
	{
		if (p->age == age)
			p = del_item(head, p);
		else
			p = p->next;
	}
}

//删除单个节点函数
struct Student* del_item(struct Student** head, struct Student* p)
{
	if (p == *head)
		*head = p->next;
	if (p->prev != NULL)
		p->prev->next = p->next;
	if (p->next != NULL)
		p->next->prev = p->prev;
	struct Student* next = p->next;
	return next;
}


//输出函数
void print(struct Student *stu)
{
	if(stu == NULL)
		printf("Empty Linked list.\n");
	else 
	{
		struct Student *p;
		for (p=stu; p!=NULL; p=p->next) 
		{
			printf("%d %s %c %d\n", p->num, p->name, p->sex, p->age);
		}		
	}
}

在VS2019下，需将源文件的scanf做些修改：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

//声明结构体struct Student
struct Student
{
	int num;
	char name[20];
	char sex;
	int age;
	struct Student* prev;
	struct Student* next;
};

struct Student* input(struct Student* stu, int n);//声明输入函数
void append(struct Student**, struct Student*);//声明建立链表
void del_list(struct Student**, int);//声明删除一个链表中多个节点函数(由age)
struct Student* del_item(struct Student**, struct Student*);//声明删除单个节点函数
void print(struct Student*);//声明输出函数 

int main()
{
	struct Student* a = (struct Student*)malloc(3 * sizeof(struct Student));//相当于struct Student a[3]
	struct Student* b = (struct Student*)malloc(2 * sizeof(struct Student));//相当于struct Student b[3]
	a = input(a, 3);                                   //调用输入函数，输入a链表
	int age;
	printf("Please enter delete age: ");
	scanf_s("%d", &age);
	del_list(&a, age);                                     //从a中删除b
	print(a);
	free(a);
	free(b);
	return 0;
}

//输入函数
struct Student* input(struct Student* stu, int n)//先建立两个链表 
{
	int i = 0;
	struct Student* p;
	for (p = stu; p < stu + n; p++, i++)
	{
		printf("Please enter No.%d student info; ", i + 1);
		scanf_s("%d %s %c %d", &p->num, p->name, (unsigned int)sizeof(p->name), &p->sex, (unsigned int)sizeof(p->sex), &p->age);
		i == 0 ? (p->prev = NULL) : (p->prev = &stu[i - 1]);
		i == n - 1 ? (p->next = NULL) : (p->next = &stu[i + 1]);
	}
	printf("\n");
	return stu;
}

//删除一个链表中多个节点函数(由age)
void del_list(struct Student** head, int age)
{
	struct Student* p;
	for (p = *head; p != NULL; )
	{
		if (p->age == age)
			p = del_item(head, p);
		else
			p = p->next;
	}
}

//删除单个节点函数
struct Student* del_item(struct Student** head, struct Student* p)
{
	if (p == *head)
		*head = p->next;
	if (p->prev != NULL)
		p->prev->next = p->next;
	if (p->next != NULL)
		p->next->prev = p->prev;
	struct Student* next = p->next;
	return next;
}


//输出函数
void print(struct Student* stu)
{
	if (stu == NULL)
		printf("Empty Linked list.\n");
	else
	{
		struct Student* p;
		for (p = stu; p != NULL; p = p->next)
		{
			printf("%d %s %c %d\n", p->num, p->name, p->sex, p->age);
		}
	}
}