IIC总线是嵌入式领域较为重要的器件间通信总线，同样，FPGA也能通过模块的形式实现IIC的功能，其原理和STM32的模拟IIC总线一致，就是控制每个时间点的SCL、SDA总线电平。
IIC总线需要对应的从机机通信器件进行通信，故目前使用AT24C64【IIC总线的EEPROM】作为从机，通过实现对EEPROM的读、写，来学习IIC协议在FPGA的实现。
硬件原理
由于IIC本质就是2线通信方式，以从机地址作为鉴别依据，在IIC总线上进行点对点通信，故不再对细节的硬件进行描述，使用拓扑图即可说明问题，再IIC总线上，EEPROM的从机地址为7‘h50，也就是二进制的0b1010000。
IIC总线的通信波形图我就不过多赘述，大致电文思路就是:
开始–>器件地址输出–>读写功能输出–>等待反馈–>数据地址（读/写）–>等待反馈–>数据与内容（读/写）–>等待反馈–>结束
相关线路的引脚如下：
时序分为写时序、读时序，具体内容如下：
写时序：
连续写就是将8bit的数据与往后继续发送；
读时序：
若要实现连续读，将最后一个主机非应答变为主机应答即可，需要读几个就应答几次。
设计目标
设计目标为将EEPROM中，地址从0开始到255顺序写入0 ~ 255的数值，写入完成后，将地址0 ~ 255的数据读取出来，并检查是否地址与数据相对应，若数据与地址完全一致，则使红色PL_LED闪烁、否则PL_LED常亮。
使用到的资源为：
1、IIC的SCL线和SDA线
2、用于指示的LED灯
3、复位和系统时钟
模块分析
由于需要使用到EEPROM外设，而外设使用IIC总线进行通信，故首先需要实现IIC总线驱动模块；
输入：
位控制信号【数据地址可能位0 ~ 255(8bit)或0 ~ 65535(16bit)】
系统时钟
IIC的数据地址
IIC需要写入的数据【8bit】
IIC使能信号
IIC读写控制信号
模块复位信号
输出：
上层模块的控制时钟【用于让上层模块使用匹配的频率向该模块发送数据】
IIC是否收到应答的标志
IIC读取到的数据【8bit】
IIC当前操作完成标志
IIC总线的SCL信号
IIC总线的SDA信号
当有了IIC的驱动模块后，上层的功能只需要将对应的地址、数据按一定的节拍发送给IIC驱动模块，即可实现IIC的通信，故需要实现EEPROM的读写给，需要有一个读写流程的逻辑模块实现这一功能；
输入：
IIC操作时钟
IIC是否收到应答的标志
IIC读取到的数据【8bit】
IIC当前操作完成标记
复位
输出：
需要操作的IIC地址
IIC写入的数据
IIC驱动模块的使能信号
IIC的读写标记
读写完成标记【用于驱动LED模块】
读写结果【用于驱动LED模块】
最后就是之前提到的用于描述实验是否成功的LED模块，若写入和读取内容一致，则LED闪烁，若不一致则LED长亮；
输入：
运行时钟
复位
读写完成标记
读写结果
输出：
LED灯控制信号
之后使用上层模块将上述子模块例化，即可得到整体设计；
输入：
系统时钟
复位
输出：
IIC_CLK
IIC_SDA
LED
模块原理图如下所示：
代码编辑
Verilog语言的代码包括以下几个部分：
一个用于例化子模块的顶层模块；
- IIC驱动模块【i2c_driver.v】
- EEPROM读写控制模块【eeprom_rw.v】
- led报警模块【led_alarm.v】
顶层模块相关代码
顶层模块代码（eeprom_top.v）：
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
//
// Company:
// Engineer:
//
// Create Date: 2022/07/21 21:29:06
// Design Name:
// Module Name: eeprom_top
// Project Name:
// Target Devices:
// Tool Versions:
// Description:
//
// Dependencies:
//
// Revision:
// Revision 0.01 - File Created
// Additional Comments:
//
//
module eeprom_top(
input sys_clk , //系统时钟
input sys_rst_n , //系统复位
//eeprom interface
output iic_scl , //eeprom的时钟线scl
inout iic_sda , //eeprom的数据线sda
//user interface
output led //led显示
);
//parameter define
parameter SLAVE_ADDR = 7'b1010000 ; //器件地址(SLAVE_ADDR)
parameter BIT_CTRL = 1'b1 ; //字地址位控制参数(16b/8b)
parameter CLK_FREQ = 26'd50_000_000 ; //i2c_dri模块的驱动时钟频率(CLK_FREQ)
parameter I2C_FREQ = 18'd250_000 ; //I2C的SCL时钟频率
parameter L_TIME = 17'd125_000 ; //led闪烁时间参数
//wire define
wire dri_clk ; //I2C操作时钟
wire i2c_exec ; //I2C触发控制
wire [15:0] i2c_addr ; //I2C操作地址
wire [ 7:0] i2c_data_w; //I2C写入的数据
wire i2c_done ; //I2C操作结束标志
wire i2c_ack ; //I2C应答标志 0:应答 1:未应答
wire i2c_rh_wl ; //I2C读写控制
wire [ 7:0] i2c_data_r; //I2C读出的数据
wire rw_done ; //E2PROM读写测试完成
wire rw_result ; //E2PROM读写测试结果 0:失败 1:成功
//*****************************************************
//** main code
//*****************************************************
//e2prom读写测试模块
eeprom_rw u_eeprom_rw(
.clk (dri_clk ), //时钟信号
.rst_n (sys_rst_n ), //复位信号
//i2c interface
.i2c_exec (i2c_exec ), //I2C触发执行信号
.i2c_rh_wl (i2c_rh_wl ), //I2C读写控制信号
.i2c_addr (i2c_addr ), //I2C器件内地址
.i2c_data_w (i2c_data_w), //I2C要写的数据
.i2c_data_r (i2c_data_r), //I2C读出的数据
.i2c_done (i2c_done ), //I2C一次操作完成
.i2c_ack (i2c_ack ), //I2C应答标志
//user interface
.rw_done (rw_done ), //E2PROM读写测试完成
.rw_result (rw_result ) //E2PROM读写测试结果 0:失败 1:成功
);
//i2c驱动模块
i2c_driver #(
.SLAVE_ADDR (SLAVE_ADDR), //EEPROM从机地址
.CLK_FREQ (CLK_FREQ ), //模块输入的时钟频率
.I2C_FREQ (I2C_FREQ ) //IIC_SCL的时钟频率
) u_i2c_driver(
.clk (sys_clk ),
.rst_n (sys_rst_n ),
//i2c interface
.i2c_exec (i2c_exec ), //I2C触发执行信号
.bit_ctrl (BIT_CTRL ), //器件地址位控制(16b/8b)
.i2c_rh_wl (i2c_rh_wl ), //I2C读写控制信号
.i2c_addr (i2c_addr ), //I2C器件内地址
.i2c_data_w (i2c_data_w), //I2C要写的数据
.i2c_data_r (i2c_data_r), //I2C读出的数据
.i2c_done (i2c_done ), //I2C一次操作完成
.i2c_ack (i2c_ack ), //I2C应答标志
.scl (iic_scl ), //I2C的SCL时钟信号
.sda (iic_sda ), //I2C的SDA信号
//user interface
.dri_clk (dri_clk ) //I2C操作时钟
);
//led指示模块
led_alarm #(.L_TIME(L_TIME ) //控制led闪烁时间
) u_led_alarm(
.clk (dri_clk ),
.rst_n (sys_rst_n ),
.rw_done (rw_done ),
.rw_result (rw_result ),
.led (led )
);
endmodule
顶层约束文件（eeprom_top.xdc）：
set_property -dict {PACKAGE_PIN U18 IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33} [get_ports sys_clk]
set_property -dict {PACKAGE_PIN N16 IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33} [get_ports sys_rst_n]
set_property -dict {PACKAGE_PIN E18 IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33} [get_ports iic_scl]
set_property -dict {PACKAGE_PIN F17 IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33} [get_ports iic_sda]
set_property -dict {PACKAGE_PIN H15 IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33} [get_ports led]
下层功能模块代码
IIC驱动模块，负责将数据与地址操作变为IIC上的电平信号【i2c_driver.v】
该模块将IIC总线输出信号使用复杂的三段式状态机表述【同步时序表述状态转移、组合逻辑判断状态转移、各状态下正常功能执行】，具体含义可见代码注释表述；
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
//
// Company:
// Engineer:
//
// Create Date: 2022/07/21 21:36:55
// Design Name:
// Module Name: i2c_driver
// Project Name:
// Target Devices:
// Tool Versions:
// Description:
//
// Dependencies:
//
// Revision:
// Revision 0.01 - File Created
// Additional Comments:
//
//
module i2c_driver
#(
parameter SLAVE_ADDR = 7'b1010000 , //EEPROM从机地址
parameter CLK_FREQ = 26'd50_000_000, //模块输入的时钟频率
parameter I2C_FREQ = 18'd250_000 //IIC_SCL的时钟频率
)
(
input clk ,
input rst_n ,
//i2c interface
input i2c_exec , //I2C触发执行信号
input bit_ctrl , //字地址位控制(16b/8b)
input i2c_rh_wl , //I2C读写控制信号
input [15:0] i2c_addr , //I2C器件内地址
input [ 7:0] i2c_data_w , //I2C要写的数据
output reg [ 7:0] i2c_data_r , //I2C读出的数据
output reg i2c_done , //I2C一次操作完成
output reg i2c_ack , //I2C应答标志 0:应答 1:未应答
output reg scl , //I2C的SCL时钟信号
inout sda , //I2C的SDA信号
//user interface
output reg dri_clk //驱动I2C操作的驱动时钟
);
//localparam define
localparam st_idle = 8'b0000_0001; //空闲状态
localparam st_sladdr = 8'b0000_0010; //发送器件地址(slave address)
localparam st_addr16 = 8'b0000_0100; //发送16位字地址
localparam st_addr8 = 8'b0000_1000; //发送8位字地址
localparam st_data_wr = 8'b0001_0000; //写数据(8 bit)
localparam st_addr_rd = 8'b0010_0000; //发送器件地址读
localparam st_data_rd = 8'b0100_0000; //读数据(8 bit)
localparam st_stop = 8'b1000_0000; //结束I2C操作
//reg define
reg sda_dir ; //I2C数据(SDA)方向控制
reg sda_out ; //SDA输出信号
reg st_done ; //状态结束
reg wr_flag ; //写标志
reg [ 6:0] cnt ; //计数
reg [ 7:0] cur_state ; //状态机当前状态
reg [ 7:0] next_state; //状态机下一状态
reg [15:0] addr_t ; //地址
reg [ 7:0] data_r ; //读取的数据
reg [ 7:0] data_wr_t ; //I2C需写的数据的临时寄存
reg [ 9:0] clk_cnt ; //分频时钟计数
//wire define
wire sda_in ; //SDA输入信号
wire [8:0] clk_divide ; //模块驱动时钟的分频系数
//*****************************************************
//** main code
//*****************************************************
//SDA控制
assign sda = sda_dir ? sda_out : 1'bz ; //SDA数据输出或高阻
assign sda_in = sda ; //SDA数据输入
assign clk_divide = (CLK_FREQ/I2C_FREQ) >> 2'd2 ; //模块驱动时钟的分频系数
//生成I2C的SCL的四倍频率的驱动时钟用于驱动i2c的操作
always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
if(!rst_n) begin
dri_clk <= 1'b0;
clk_cnt <= 10'd0;
end
else if(clk_cnt == clk_divide[8:1] - 1'd1) begin
clk_cnt <= 10'd0;
dri_clk <= ~dri_clk;
end
else
clk_cnt <= clk_cnt + 1'b1;
end
//(三段式状态机)同步时序描述状态转移
always @(posedge dri_clk or negedge rst_n) begin
if(!rst_n)
cur_state <= st_idle;
else
cur_state <= next_state;
end
//组合逻辑判断状态转移条件
always @(*) begin
next_state = st_idle;
case(cur_state)
st_idle: begin //空闲状态
if(i2c_exec) begin
next_state = st_sladdr;
end
else
next_state = st_idle;
end
st_sladdr: begin
if(st_done) begin
if(bit_ctrl) //判断是16位还是8位字地址
next_state = st_addr16;
else
next_state = st_addr8 ;
end
else
next_state = st_sladdr;
end
st_addr16: begin //写16位字地址
if(st_done) begin
next_state = st_addr8;
end
else begin
next_state = st_addr16;
end
end
st_addr8: begin //8位字地址
if(st_done) begin
if(wr_flag==1'b0) //读写判断
next_state = st_data_wr;
else
next_state = st_addr_rd;
end
else begin
next_state = st_addr8;
end
end
st_data_wr: begin //写数据(8 bit)
if(st_done)
next_state = st_stop;
else
next_state = st_data_wr;
end
st_addr_rd: begin //写地址以进行读数据
if(st_done) begin
next_state = st_data_rd;
end
else begin
next_state = st_addr_rd;
end
end
st_data_rd: begin //读取数据(8 bit)
if(st_done)
next_state = st_stop;
else
next_state = st_data_rd;
end
st_stop: begin //结束I2C操作
if(st_done)
next_state = st_idle;
else
next_state = st_stop ;
end
default: next_state= st_idle;
endcase
end
//时序电路描述状态输出
always @(posedge dri_clk or negedge rst_n) begin
//复位初始化
if(!rst_n) begin
scl <= 1'b1;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
sda_dir <= 1'b1;
i2c_done <= 1'b0;
i2c_ack <= 1'b0;
cnt <= 1'b0;
st_done <= 1'b0;
data_r <= 1'b0;
i2c_data_r<= 1'b0;
wr_flag <= 1'b0;
addr_t <= 1'b0;
data_wr_t <= 1'b0;
end
else begin
st_done <= 1'b0 ;
cnt <= cnt +1'b1 ;
case(cur_state)
st_idle: begin //空闲状态
scl <= 1'b1;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
sda_dir <= 1'b1;
i2c_done<= 1'b0;
cnt <= 7'b0;
if(i2c_exec) begin
wr_flag <= i2c_rh_wl ;
addr_t <= i2c_addr ;
data_wr_t <= i2c_data_w;
i2c_ack <= 1'b0;
end
end
st_sladdr: begin //写地址(器件地址和字地址)
case(cnt)
7'd1 : sda_out <= 1'b0; //开始I2C
7'd3 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd4 : sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[6]; //传送器件地址
7'd5 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd7 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd8 : sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[5];
7'd9 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd11: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd12: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[4];
7'd13: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd15: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd16: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[3];
7'd17: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd19: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd20: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[2];
7'd21: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd23: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd24: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[1];
7'd25: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd27: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd28: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[0];
7'd29: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd31: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd32: sda_out <= 1'b0; //0:写
7'd33: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd35: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd36: begin
sda_dir <= 1'b0;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
end
7'd37: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd38: begin //从机应答
st_done <= 1'b1;
if(sda_in == 1'b1) //高电平表示未应答
i2c_ack <= 1'b1; //拉高应答标志位
end
7'd39: begin
scl <= 1'b0;
cnt <= 1'b0;
end
default : ;
endcase
end
st_addr16: begin
case(cnt)
7'd0 : begin
sda_dir <= 1'b1 ;
sda_out <= addr_t[15]; //传送字地址
end
7'd1 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd3 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd4 : sda_out <= addr_t[14];
7'd5 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd7 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd8 : sda_out <= addr_t[13];
7'd9 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd11: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd12: sda_out <= addr_t[12];
7'd13: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd15: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd16: sda_out <= addr_t[11];
7'd17: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd19: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd20: sda_out <= addr_t[10];
7'd21: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd23: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd24: sda_out <= addr_t[9];
7'd25: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd27: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd28: sda_out <= addr_t[8];
7'd29: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd31: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd32: begin
sda_dir <= 1'b0;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
end
7'd33: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd34: begin //从机应答
st_done <= 1'b1;
if(sda_in == 1'b1) //高电平表示未应答
i2c_ack <= 1'b1; //拉高应答标志位
end
7'd35: begin
scl <= 1'b0;
cnt <= 1'b0;
end
default : ;
endcase
end
st_addr8: begin
case(cnt)
7'd0: begin
sda_dir <= 1'b1 ;
sda_out <= addr_t[7]; //字地址
end
7'd1 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd3 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd4 : sda_out <= addr_t[6];
7'd5 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd7 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd8 : sda_out <= addr_t[5];
7'd9 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd11: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd12: sda_out <= addr_t[4];
7'd13: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd15: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd16: sda_out <= addr_t[3];
7'd17: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd19: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd20: sda_out <= addr_t[2];
7'd21: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd23: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd24: sda_out <= addr_t[1];
7'd25: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd27: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd28: sda_out <= addr_t[0];
7'd29: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd31: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd32: begin
sda_dir <= 1'b0;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
end
7'd33: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd34: begin //从机应答
st_done <= 1'b1;
if(sda_in == 1'b1) //高电平表示未应答
i2c_ack <= 1'b1; //拉高应答标志位
end
7'd35: begin
scl <= 1'b0;
cnt <= 1'b0;
end
default : ;
endcase
end
st_data_wr: begin //写数据(8 bit)
case(cnt)
7'd0: begin
sda_out <= data_wr_t[7]; //I2C写8位数据
sda_dir <= 1'b1;
end
7'd1 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd3 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd4 : sda_out <= data_wr_t[6];
7'd5 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd7 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd8 : sda_out <= data_wr_t[5];
7'd9 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd11: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd12: sda_out <= data_wr_t[4];
7'd13: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd15: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd16: sda_out <= data_wr_t[3];
7'd17: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd19: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd20: sda_out <= data_wr_t[2];
7'd21: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd23: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd24: sda_out <= data_wr_t[1];
7'd25: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd27: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd28: sda_out <= data_wr_t[0];
7'd29: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd31: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd32: begin
sda_dir <= 1'b0;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
end
7'd33: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd34: begin //从机应答
st_done <= 1'b1;
if(sda_in == 1'b1) //高电平表示未应答
i2c_ack <= 1'b1; //拉高应答标志位
end
7'd35: begin
scl <= 1'b0;
cnt <= 1'b0;
end
default : ;
endcase
end
st_addr_rd: begin //写地址以进行读数据
case(cnt)
7'd0 : begin
sda_dir <= 1'b1;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
end
7'd1 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd2 : sda_out <= 1'b0; //重新开始
7'd3 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd4 : sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[6]; //传送器件地址
7'd5 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd7 : scl <= 1'b0;
7'd8 : sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[5];
7'd9 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd11: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd12: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[4];
7'd13: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd15: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd16: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[3];
7'd17: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd19: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd20: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[2];
7'd21: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd23: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd24: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[1];
7'd25: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd27: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd28: sda_out <= SLAVE_ADDR[0];
7'd29: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd31: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd32: sda_out <= 1'b1; //1:读
7'd33: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd35: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd36: begin
sda_dir <= 1'b0;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
end
7'd37: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd38: begin //从机应答
st_done <= 1'b1;
if(sda_in == 1'b1) //高电平表示未应答
i2c_ack <= 1'b1; //拉高应答标志位
end
7'd39: begin
scl <= 1'b0;
cnt <= 1'b0;
end
default : ;
endcase
end
st_data_rd: begin //读取数据(8 bit)
case(cnt)
7'd0: sda_dir <= 1'b0;
7'd1: begin
data_r[7] <= sda_in;
scl <= 1'b1;
end
7'd3: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd5: begin
data_r[6] <= sda_in ;
scl <= 1'b1 ;
end
7'd7: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd9: begin
data_r[5] <= sda_in;
scl <= 1'b1 ;
end
7'd11: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd13: begin
data_r[4] <= sda_in;
scl <= 1'b1 ;
end
7'd15: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd17: begin
data_r[3] <= sda_in;
scl <= 1'b1 ;
end
7'd19: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd21: begin
data_r[2] <= sda_in;
scl <= 1'b1 ;
end
7'd23: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd25: begin
data_r[1] <= sda_in;
scl <= 1'b1 ;
end
7'd27: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd29: begin
data_r[0] <= sda_in;
scl <= 1'b1 ;
end
7'd31: scl <= 1'b0;
7'd32: begin
sda_dir <= 1'b1;
sda_out <= 1'b1;
end
7'd33: scl <= 1'b1;
7'd34: st_done <= 1'b1; //非应答
7'd35: begin
scl <= 1'b0;
cnt <= 1'b0;
i2c_data_r <= data_r;
end
default : ;
endcase
end
st_stop: begin //结束I2C操作
case(cnt)
7'd0: begin
sda_dir <= 1'b1; //结束I2C
sda_out <= 1'b0;
end
7'd1 : scl <= 1'b1;
7'd3 : sda_out <= 1'b1;
7'd15: st_done <= 1'b1;
7'd16: begin
cnt <= 1'b0;
i2c_done <= 1'b1; //向上层模块传递I2C结束信号
end
default : ;
endcase
end
endcase
end
end
endmodule
LED的报警模块【led_alarm.v】
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
//
// Company:
// Engineer:
//
// Create Date: 2022/07/21 22:03:45
// Design Name:
// Module Name: led_alarm
// Project Name:
// Target Devices:
// Tool Versions:
// Description:
//
// Dependencies:
//
// Revision:
// Revision 0.01 - File Created
// Additional Comments:
//
//
module led_alarm #(parameter L_TIME = 25'd25_000_000)
(
input clk , //时钟信号
input rst_n , //复位信号
input rw_done , //错误标志
input rw_result , //E2PROM读写测试完成
output reg led //E2PROM读写测试结果 0:失败 1:成功
);
//reg define
reg rw_done_flag; //读写测试完成标志
reg [24:0] led_cnt ; //led计数
//*****************************************************
//** main code
//*****************************************************
always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)begin
if(!rst_n)
rw_done_flag <= 1'b0;
else if(rw_done)
rw_done_flag <= 1'b1;
end
//错误标志为1时PL_LED0闪烁，否则PL_LED0常亮
always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
if(!rst_n)begin
led_cnt <= 25'd0;
led <= 1'b0;
end
else begin
if(rw_done_flag)begin
if(rw_result)
led <= 1'b1;
else begin
led_cnt <= led_cnt + 25'd1;
if(led_cnt == L_TIME - 1'b1)begin
led_cnt <= 25'd0;
led <= ~led;
end
end
end
else
led <= 1'b0;
end
end
endmodule
EEPROM的读写判断模块【eeprom_rw.v】
该部分逻辑较为简单，使用单段式状态机实现（状态跳转及状态动作在单段代码实现）。
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
//
// Company:
// Engineer:
//
// Create Date: 2022/07/21 21:34:30
// Design Name:
// Module Name: eeprom_rw
// Project Name:
// Target Devices:
// Tool Versions:
// Description:
//
// Dependencies:
//
// Revision:
// Revision 0.01 - File Created
// Additional Comments:
//
//
module eeprom_rw(
input clk , //时钟信号
input rst_n , //复位信号
//i2c interface
output reg i2c_rh_wl , //I2C读写控制信号
output reg i2c_exec , //I2C触发执行信号
output reg [15:0] i2c_addr , //I2C器件内地址
output reg [ 7:0] i2c_data_w , //I2C要写的数据
input [ 7:0] i2c_data_r , //I2C读出的数据
input i2c_done , //I2C一次操作完成
input i2c_ack , //I2C应答标志
//user interface
output reg rw_done , //E2PROM读写测试完成
output reg rw_result //E2PROM读写测试结果 0:失败 1:成功
);
//parameter define
//EEPROM写数据需要添加间隔时间,读数据则不需要
parameter WR_WAIT_TIME = 14'd5000; //写入间隔时间
parameter MAX_BYTE = 16'd256 ; //读写测试的字节个数
//reg define
reg [1:0] flow_cnt ; //状态流控制
reg [13:0] wait_cnt ; //延时计数器
//*****************************************************
//** main code
//*****************************************************
//EEPROM读写测试,先写后读，并比较读出的值与写入的值是否一致
always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
if(!rst_n) begin
flow_cnt <= 2'b0;
i2c_rh_wl <= 1'b0;
i2c_exec <= 1'b0;
i2c_addr <= 16'b0;
i2c_data_w <= 8'b0;
wait_cnt <= 14'b0;
rw_done <= 1'b0;
rw_result <= 1'b0;
end
else begin
i2c_exec <= 1'b0;
rw_done <= 1'b0;
case(flow_cnt)
2'd0 : begin
wait_cnt <= wait_cnt + 1'b1; //延时计数
if(wait_cnt == WR_WAIT_TIME - 1'b1) begin //EEPROM写操作延时完成
wait_cnt <= 1'b0;
if(i2c_addr == MAX_BYTE) begin //256个字节写入完成
i2c_addr <= 1'b0;
i2c_rh_wl <= 1'b1;
flow_cnt <= 2'd2;
end
else begin
flow_cnt <= flow_cnt + 1'b1;
i2c_exec <= 1'b1;
end
end
end
2'd1 : begin
if(i2c_done == 1'b1) begin //EEPROM单次写入完成
flow_cnt <= 2'd0;
i2c_addr <= i2c_addr + 1'b1; //地址0~255分别写入
i2c_data_w <= i2c_data_w + 1'b1; //数据0~255
end
end
2'd2 : begin
flow_cnt <= flow_cnt + 1'b1;
i2c_exec <= 1'b1;
end
2'd3 : begin
if(i2c_done == 1'b1) begin //EEPROM单次读出完成
//读出的值错误或者I2C未应答,读写测试失败
if((i2c_addr[7:0] != i2c_data_r) || (i2c_ack == 1'b1)) begin
rw_done <= 1'b1;
rw_result <= 1'b1;
end
else if(i2c_addr == MAX_BYTE - 1'b1) begin //读写测试成功
rw_done <= 1'b1;
rw_result <= 1'b0;
end
else begin
flow_cnt <= 2'd2;
i2c_addr <= i2c_addr + 1'b1;
end
end
end
default : ;
endcase
end
end
endmodule
完成代码编辑后，将代码编译为二进制流，并下载到FPGA上。
实验结果
按下复位后，经过一小段时间，EEPROM读写模块校正成功，LED开始闪烁
至此，实验成功，IIC功能模块能够移植使用。
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