cs231n assignment1 关于svm_loss_vectorized中代码的梯度部分

个人觉得svm和softmax的梯度部分是这份作业的难点，参考了一些代码觉得还是难以理解，网上似乎也没有相关的解释，所以想把自己的想法贴出来，提供一个参考。

        首先贴上参考的代码：

    def svm_loss_vectorized(W, X, y, reg):  
      """ 
      Structured SVM loss function, vectorized implementation. 
     
      Inputs and outputs are the same as svm_loss_naive. 
      """  
      loss = 0.0  
      num_train= X.shape[0]  
      dW = np.zeros(W.shape) # initialize the gradient as zero  
      scores = np.dot(X,W)  
      correct_class_scores = scores[np.arange(num_train),y]  
      correct_class_scores = np.reshape(correct_class_scores,(num_train,-1))  
      margin = scores-correct_class_scores+1.0  
      margin[np.arange(num_train),y]=0.0  
      margin[margin<=0]=0.0                   # ** #  
      loss += np.sum(margi