用超时检测法实现USART的非定长接收

参考文章
https://blog.csdn.net/WeiKo90/article/details/78271880

自己完整的把程序写了一遍。
funcinit函数

#include "stm32f10x.h"



void USART1_Init(unsigned int BaudRate)
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	USART_InitTypeDef	USART_InitStructure;
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);			//使能USART1，GPIOA时钟

	
	/* TX - PA.9 */
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;							//PA.9
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;							//复用推挽输出
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	/* RX - PA.10 */
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;							//PA.10
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;						//浮空输入
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = BaudRate;							//波特率
	USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;					//字长8位
	USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;						//停止位1位
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;						//无奇偶校验
	USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl	= USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;		//无硬件数据流控制
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;					//收/发模式
	
	USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
	USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);							//开启接收中断
	USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
        
        NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_1);				//中断分组1：1位抢占优先级，3位响应优先级
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;			//中断通道
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;		//抢占优先级
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3;			//子优先级
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;				//使能中断
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
        
        //USART_ClearFlag(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC);
        USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);
        //记得要清理这两个接收判断标志，此程序中只是使能了RXNE和IDLE中断，没有使能发送中断
        //所以USART_FLAG_TC不用清楚
        //不过这个标志位是每发送/接收一次就需要清除的吗
}


u8 timstate;//每次接收时间为timstate（自定义）*一次计数时间（arr和psc决定）
u8 Rxbuffer[100];
u8 Rxcounter=0;
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
  if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE)!=RESET)
  {
    TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);//如果产生了RXNE中断，则开始计数
    timstate=50;
    Rxbuffer[Rxcounter++]=USART1->DR;//将接收到的字节存起来
  }
}



void TIM3_Init(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
  //这里时钟选择为 APB1 的 2 倍，APB1 为 36M
  TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
  NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
  RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
  //定时器 TIM3 初始化
  TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr;
  TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc;
  TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1;
  TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
  TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
  TIM_ITConfig(TIM3,TIM_IT_Update,ENABLE );//允许中断更新
  //中断优先级 NVIC 设置
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM3_IRQn;
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;     //抢占优先级比USART1的低吧？
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3;
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; 
  NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
  //TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);
  TIM_Cmd(TIM3, DISABLE);//定时器失能
}


u8 Rxflag=0;//接收完成时flag置位
u8 Rxnum;
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void) //TIM3 中断
{
  if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET)
  {
    if (timstate>0)//如果仍在一次接收时间范围内
      timstate--;//继续计数
    else if (timstate==0)//如果不在一次接收时间范围内
    {
      TIM_Cmd(TIM3, DISABLE);//定时器失能
      Rxflag=1;//接收完成
      Rxnum=Rxcounter;//本次接收的字节数
      Rxcounter=0;
    }
  }
  TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update );//清除定时器中断标志
}


//
//int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
//{
//  USART_SendData(USART1, (unsigned char) ch);
//  while (!(USART1->SR & USART_FLAG_TXE));
//  return (ch);
//}

main函数

#include "stdio.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"


extern u8 Rxbuffer[100];
extern u8 Rxflag;
extern u8 Rxnum;
int main()
{
	USART1_Init(115200);
        TIM3_Init(99,71);
        u8 i;
        //每次计数100us产生中断，Tout= ((arr+1)*(psc+1))/Tclk
        //则每50*100us=5ms认为一定完成一次接收
        //如果设成5us串口会显示乱码
        while(1)
        {
          
          //USART_SendData(USART1,12);
          //printf("\r\n 您发送的消息为:\r\n");
          if (Rxflag==1)//如果一次非定长接收完成
          {
            Rxflag=0; i=0;
            while(Rxnum--)//将接受到的数据发回串口
            {
              USART_SendData(USART1,Rxbuffer[i++]);
              while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC)==RESET);
              //USART_SR寄存器中TC为1时代表发送完成，等待发送完成
            }
          }
        }
}

MEM：在用IAR进行调试时download完成之后要让程序GO起来，然后再用串口调试助手发送