STL学习之十一：容器值（value）语意

本文主要介绍STL的容器值（value）语意。所有容器提供的都是值语意，而非引用语意。容器执行插入元素操作时，内部实施copy工作。所以STL容器存储的元素必须能够被copy，即必须提供copy构造函数。下面以一个示例来说明这一点。在示例中，定义了一个类对象，若使用容器（vector）存入该对象，容器内部会将该对象复制一份到容器中，这就要求对象具有copy的能力而不会发生内存泄漏或空指针现象。具体看下面示例代码：

#define  _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include "iostream"
#include "vector"
using namespace std;

class Teacher
{
public:
	Teacher(char *name,int age)
	{
		m_p = new char[strlen(name)+1];
		strcpy(m_p,name);
		m_age = age;
	}
	~Teacher()
	{
		if (m_p != NULL)
		{
			delete [] m_p;
			m_p = NULL;
			m_age = 0;
		}
	}

	Teacher(const Teacher &obj)
	{
		m_p = new char[strlen(obj.m_p)+1];
		strcpy(m_p,obj.m_p);
		m_age = obj.m_age;
	}
	// 重载=操作符 t3=t2=t1
	Teacher& operator=(const Teacher &obj)
	{
		// 先把t2的旧的内存释放掉
		if (m_p != NULL)
		{
			delete [] m_p;
			m_p = NULL;
			m_age = 0;
		}
		// 根据t1 de 大小分配内存
		m_p = new char[strlen(obj.m_p)+1];

		strcpy(m_p,obj.m_p);
		m_age = obj.m_age;
		return *this;
	}
public:
	void printT()
	{
		cout << m_p << "\t" << m_age << endl;
	}
protected:

public:
	char *m_p;
	int m_age;
};

void main01()
{
	Teacher t1("t1",31);
	t1.printT();
	vector<Teacher> v1;
	v1.push_back(t1);//将t1复制一份到容器中，这是需要考虑对象是否需要copy构造函数
	for (vector<Teacher>::iterator it = v1.begin();it != v1.end();it++ )
	{
		cout << it->m_age << " ";
	}
	cout << endl;
	

}
void main()
{
	
	main01();

	cout << "hello..."<< endl;

	system("pause");

}