java生成验证码

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参考文章：
Java 生成 验证码图片_java 好看的验证码生成-CSDN博客

java BufferedImage 转base64_bufferedimage 转 base64-CSDN博客

import cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64Encoder;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

public class VerifyCodeUtil {
    // 验证码长度
    private static final int CODE_LENGTH = 6;
    // 验证码图片格式png(如果使用其他格式，注意base64字符串前缀)
    private static final String IMG_SUFFIX = "png";
    private static final String IMG_BASE64_PREFIX = "data:image/png;base64,";
    // 字体大小最大值
    private static final int FONT_SIZE_MAX = 30;
    private static final int FONT_SIZE_MIN = 24;
    private static final int FONT_SIZE_RANGE = FONT_SIZE_MAX - FONT_SIZE_MIN;
    private static final String[] FONT_STYLE_ARR = {"0普通", "1加粗", "2倾斜", "3倾斜加粗"};
    // 留白
    private static final int FONT_BORDER = 5;

    private static final int IMG_W = CODE_LENGTH * (FONT_SIZE_MAX / 2) + FONT_BORDER * 2;
    private static final int IMG_H = FONT_SIZE_MAX + FONT_BORDER;
    private static final String[] FONT_NAME_ARR = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};

    private static final int FONT_RGB_MAX = 150;
    private static final int LINE_RGB_MAX = 256;

    private static int getRandom(int max) {
        return (int)(Math.random() * max);
    }

    private static Color getRandomColor(int max) {
        return new Color(getRandom(max), getRandom(max), getRandom(max));
    }

    private static Font getRandomFont() {
        return new Font(FONT_NAME_ARR[getRandom(FONT_NAME_ARR.length)], getRandom(FONT_STYLE_ARR.length), getRandom(FONT_SIZE_RANGE) + FONT_SIZE_MIN);
    }

    private static void drawLine(BufferedImage image) {
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
            g2.setColor(getRandomColor(LINE_RGB_MAX));
            g2.drawLine(getRandom(IMG_W), getRandom(IMG_H), getRandom(IMG_W), getRandom(IMG_H));
        }
    }

    private static BufferedImage createImage() {
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(IMG_W, IMG_H, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, IMG_W, IMG_H);
        return image;
    }

    public static String getVerifyCode() {
        StringBuffer code = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < CODE_LENGTH; i++) {
            code.append(getRandom(10));
        }
        return code.toString();
    }

    public static String getImageBase64Str(String code) {
        try {
            BufferedImage image = createImage();
            Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
            for (int i = 0; i < CODE_LENGTH; i++) {
                g2.setFont(getRandomFont());
                g2.setColor(getRandomColor(FONT_RGB_MAX));
                g2.drawString(code.substring(i, i + 1), 1.0F * i * (FONT_SIZE_MAX / 2) + FONT_BORDER, IMG_H - FONT_BORDER);
            }
            drawLine(image);
            ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            ImageIO.write(image, IMG_SUFFIX, baos);
            byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
            return IMG_BASE64_PREFIX + Base64Encoder.encode(bytes);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(getImageBase64Str(getVerifyCode()));
    }
}

前端收到Base64字符串，直接赋值给<img/>的src属性