非限制性定语从句
作用
- 对先行词所指代的内容进行补充说明。
与主句的紧密程度,即对主句表达含义的影响程度
- 与主句并不紧密,即即使删除也不影响主句含义的表达。
- 使用逗号与主句隔开。
修饰主语从句中的哪部分
- [1] 先行词指代主句的宾语
- She wants a pet, which can keep her company every day.
她们想要一只宠物,每天都能陪伴她。
- She wants a pet, which can keep her company every day.
- [2] 先行词指代主句的主语
- The man is Tom’s father,who is a doctor.
这个人是汤姆的父亲,他是一名医生.
- The man is Tom’s father,who is a doctor.
- [3] 先行词指代主句的同位语
pass
- [4] 先行词指代主句的状语
pass
- [5] 先行词指定主句整个句子
- The road is too slippery ,which has caused many accidents.
这条路太滑了,这造成了许多事故。
which has caused many accidents 说明整个主句——这件事)
- The road is too slippery ,which has caused many accidents.
- [1] 先行词指代主句的宾语
先行词有哪些
- who:指人,在从句中作主语或宾语
- The man is Tom’s father,who is a doctor.
这个人是汤姆的父亲,他是一名医生.
- The man is Tom’s father,who is a doctor.
- whom:指人,在从句中作宾语
- His life,whom you met at my home,was a teacher.
他的妻子,就是你在我家遇见的那个,是一位老师。
- His life,whom you met at my home,was a teacher.
- whose:指人或者指物,在从句中作定语
- 指人
- The girl,whose name is Kate,is the top of the students in our school.
那个女孩是我们学校最优秀的学生,她的名字叫Kate。
- The girl,whose name is Kate,is the top of the students in our school.
- 指物
- The book,whose cover is red,is mine.
封面是红色的那本书是我的。
- The book,whose cover is red,is mine.
- 指人
- which:指物,在从句中作主语或宾语
- Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.
那座房子在地震中依然耸立,它是一百多年前建造的。
- Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.
- when:指时间,在句中作时间状语或主语或宾语
- 在从句中作时间状语
- The sports meeting will be put off till next month,when we will have made all the preparations.
运动会将被推迟到下个月,那时我们做好一切准备。
- The sports meeting will be put off till next month,when we will have made all the preparations.
- 在从句中作主语或宾语
pass
- 在从句中作时间状语
- where:指地点,在句中作时间状语或主语或宾语
- 在从句中作地点状语
- The next day we arrived in New York,where we were inerviewed on the radio.
第二天我们到达纽约,在那里我们接受了电台的采访
- The next day we arrived in New York,where we were inerviewed on the radio.
- 在从句中作主语或宾语
pass
- 在从句中作地点状语
- as, 通常译为
正如...
- as we know
- 补充
- 常与such连用
- Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.
像你所描绘的那种人现在已经很少见了。 - Let’s discuss only such questions as concern us.
让我们只讨论那些和我们有关的问题吧。
- Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.
- the same that+从句,意思是:正是那一个人或物;the same as+从句,意思是:就像某个人或物
- He is the same man that you are looking for.
他就是你要找的那个人。
He is the same man as you met in the street.
他很象你昨天在街上遇见的那个人。实际上并不是那个人。
- He is the same man that you are looking for.
- 常与such连用
- who:指人,在从句中作主语或宾语
可被哪些句子成分替换
- 当非限制性定语从句的逻辑主语与主句主语一致时,可以使用现在分词/过去分词/现在分词短语/过去分词短语替代该从句,而现在分词/过去分词/现在分词短语/过去分词短语在整个句子中扮演状语成分。
- 当非限制性定语从句的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时,可以使用独立主格结构代替该从句,独立主格结构在整个句子中扮演状语成分。