NIO编程

这里首先声明：我导入的jar包是5.0的jar包。

在写这个demo之前最好先学习一下NIO 的基础方法，至少知道哪个方法是干什么用的。

这篇博文的代码实现了一个简单的时间服务器：客户端发送请求，服务端判断接收到的请求返回不同的信息。

NIO服务端代码：

public class TimeServer {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		int port = 9090;
		if(args!=null&&args.length>0){
			try{
				port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
			}catch(NumberFormatException e){
				//采用默认值
			}
		}
		/**
		 * 创建一个多路复用类，它是一个独立的线程，负责轮询多路复用器Selector
		 * 可以处理多个客户端的并发接入
		 */
		MultiplexerTimeServer timeServer = new MultiplexerTimeServer(port);
		new Thread(timeServer,"NIO-MultiplexerTimeServer-001").start();
	}

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

public class MultiplexerTimeServer implements Runnable {
	private Selector selector;
	private ServerSocketChannel servChannel;
	private volatile boolean stop;

	/**
	 * 初始化多路复用器、绑定监听窗口
	 * 
	 * @param port
	 */
	public MultiplexerTimeServer(int port) {
		try {
			//多路复用器，可以同时轮询多个Channel
			selector = Selector.open();
			//打开ServerSocketChannel,用于监听客户端的连接
			servChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
			//绑定监听的端口，设置连接为非阻塞模式
			servChannel.configureBlocking(false);
			servChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port), 1024);
			//将ServerSocketChannel注册到多路复用器上，监听ACCEPT事件
			servChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
			System.out.println("The time server is start in port :" + port);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.exit(1);
		}
	}

	public void stop() {
		this.stop = true;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		while (!stop) {
			try {
				//多路复用器在线程run方法的无限循环体内轮询准备就绪的Key
				selector.select(1000);
				Set<SelectionKey> selectionKey = selector.selectedKeys();
				Iterator<SelectionKey> it = selectionKey.iterator();
				SelectionKey key = null;
				while (it.hasNext()) {
					key = it.next();
					it.remove();
					try {
						handleInput(key);
					} catch (Exception e) {
						key.channel();
						if (key.channel() != null)
							key.channel().close();
					}
				}
			} catch (Throwable t) {
				t.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		/**
		 * 多路复用器关闭后，所有注册在上面的Channel和Pipe等资源都会被自动去注册 并关闭，所以不需要重复释放资源
		 */
		if (selector != null) {
			try {
				selector.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}

	private void handleInput(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
		if(key.isValid()){
			//处理新接入的请求消息
			if(key.isAcceptable()){
				//接收新的连接
				ServerSocketChannel ssc = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
				SocketChannel sc = ssc.accept();
				sc.configureBlocking(false);
				//添加新的连接到多路复用器
				sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
			}
			if(key.isReadable()){
				//读取数据
				SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
				ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
				int readBytes = sc.read(readBuffer);
				if(readBytes>0){
					readBuffer.flip();
					byte[] bytes = new byte[readBuffer.remaining()];
					readBuffer.get(bytes);
					String body = new String(bytes, "utf-8");
					System.out.println("The time server receive order :"+body);
					String currentTime = "QUERY TIME ORDER".equalsIgnoreCase(body)?
							new java.util.Date(System.currentTimeMillis()).toString()
							:"BAD ORDER";
					doWrite(sc,currentTime);
				}else if(readBytes<0){
					//对端关闭连接
					key.channel();
					sc.close();
				}else {
					;//读到0字节，忽略
				}
			}
		}
	}

	private void doWrite(SocketChannel channel, String response) throws IOException {
		if(response!=null&&response.trim().length()>0){
			byte[] bytes = response.getBytes();
			ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(bytes.length);
			writeBuffer.put(bytes);
			writeBuffer.flip();
			channel.write(writeBuffer);
		}
	}
}

NIO客户端代码：

public class TimeClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 9090;
        if(args!=null&&args.length>0){
            try{
                port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
            }catch(NumberFormatException e){
                //采用默认值
            }
        }
        new Thread(new TimeClientHandle("127.0.0.1",port),"TimeClient-001").start();
    }
}

public class TimeClientHandle implements Runnable{
    private String host;
    private int port;
    private Selector selector;
    private SocketChannel socketChannel;
    private volatile boolean stop;

    public TimeClientHandle(String host,int port){
        this.host = host==null?"127.0.0.1":host;
        this.port = port;
        try {
            selector = Selector.open();
            socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
            socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            doConnect();
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(1);
        }

        while (!stop){
            try{
                selector.select(1000);
                Set<SelectionKey> selectionKey = selector.selectedKeys();
                Iterator<SelectionKey> it = selectionKey.iterator();
                SelectionKey key = null;
                while (it.hasNext()){
                    key = it.next();
                    it.remove();
                    try {
                        handleInput(key);
                    }catch (Exception e){
                        if(key!=null){
                            key.cancel();
                            if (key.channel()!=null)
                                key.channel().close();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.exit(1);
            }
        }
        /**
         * 多路复用器关闭后，所有注册在上面的Channel和Pipe等资源都会被自动去注册 并关闭，所以不需要重复释放资源
         */
        if (selector != null) {
            try {
                selector.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    
    private void handleInput(SelectionKey key) throws IOException{
        if (key.isValid()){
            //判断是否连接成功
            SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
            if (key.isConnectable()) {
                System.out.println("连接成功...");
                if (sc.finishConnect()) {
                    sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                    doWrite(sc);
                } else
                    System.exit(1);
            }
                if (key.isReadable()){
                    ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
                    int readBytes = sc.read(readBuffer);
                    if (readBytes>0){
                        readBuffer.flip();
                        byte[] bytes = new byte[readBuffer.remaining()];
                        readBuffer.get(bytes);
                        String body = new String(bytes,"UTF-8");
                        System.out.println("Now is :"+body);
                        this.stop = true;
                    }else if(readBytes<0){
                        //对端链路关闭
                        key.channel();
                        sc.close();
                    }else
                        ;   //读到0字节，忽略
                }
            }
        }

    private void doConnect() throws IOException{
        //如果连接成功，则注册到多路复用器上，发送请求消息，读应答
        if(socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress(host,port))){
            socketChannel.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_READ);
            doWrite(socketChannel);
        }else
            socketChannel.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
    }

    private void doWrite(SocketChannel sc) throws  IOException{
        byte[] req = "QUERY TIME ORDER".getBytes();
        ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(req.length);
        writeBuffer.put(req);
        writeBuffer.flip();
        sc.write(writeBuffer);
        if(!writeBuffer.hasRemaining()){
            System.out.println("Send order 2 server succeed.");
        }
    }
}