Python 遗传算法库 Geatpy 深入

为了应对更加复杂的问题，不同的编码方式的问题，对此进行代码讲解，个人觉得这个遗传算法库做的很好，上手比较快，适用性很强，强烈推荐，用的很顺手。

示例说明：
a = [0~30连续数] * _num
b = [1 ~ num num个数排列排序] 即数列 1~num 不重复排列
c = [0~30离散数（整数）] * _num
score 设置为a,b,c进行运算后数列的最大值

import geatpy as ea
import numpy as np


# 示例说明：
# a = [0~30连续数] * _num
# b = [1 ~ num num个数排列排序] 即数列 1~num 不重复排列
# c = [0~30离散数（整数）] * _num
def func(a, b, c):
    return np.sin(np.pi * a * b) * np.cos(np.pi * c * b) * np.tan(np.pi * a * b * c)


# 初始化文件num大小
_num = 10


# 自定义 GA
class My_nsga(ea.Problem):
    def __init__(self):
        global _num
        name = 'GEATPY Facilitate Learning'
        # 只优化func一个变量
        M = 1
        # 最大化变量
        maxormins = [-1] * M
        # 一共有 a.size + b.size + c.size 个数
        Dim = _num + _num + _num
        # a 连续， b and c 离散
        varTypes = [0] * _num + [1] * _num + [1] * _num
        # a ∈ [0,30],  b ∈ [1,_num], c ∈ [0,30]
        lb = [0] * _num + [1] * _num + [0] * _num
        ub = [30] * _num + [_num] * _num + [30] * _num
        # 下限可取
        lbin = [1] * Dim
        # 上限可取
        ubin = [1] * Dim
        # 保存最大数据
        self.max_ans = 0
        # epoch
        self.epoch = 0
        # super
        ea.Problem.__init__(self, name, M, maxormins, Dim, varTypes, lb, ub, lbin, ubin)

    # 目标函数即神经网络返回值
    def evalVars(self, Vars):
        # init ans
        ans = np.zeros(len(Vars), dtype=float).reshape(len(Vars), 1)
        for i in range(len(Vars)):
            # 一定要确定区域选择是否正确
            a = Vars[i][:_num]
            # 可以选择int类型防止特定错误，因为正常输出时为float，具体问题可能会出错
            b = list(map(int, Vars[i][_num: _num + _num]))
            c = Vars[i][-_num:]
            score = func(a, b, c)
            ans[i] = score.max()
        self.max_ans = (now_max := ans.max())
        print(f"Epoch: {self.epoch + 1}, Epoch Max: {now_max}, Global Max: {self.max_ans}")
        self.epoch += 1
        return ans


# 运行 GA
def Run_nsga(ndind=10, maxgen=100, *args, **kwargs):
    global _num
    # init problem
    problem = My_nsga()
    # 染色体编码方式为[格雷编码，排列编码，格雷编码]
    encodings = ["RI", "P", "RI"]
    # 设置具体field，一定要多加这一部，geatpy还没有具体到能直接输入encoding: List[str]，需要进行转换才能使用
    # 一定要注意数组范围，报错的话一定要仔细检查！！！
    field1 = ea.crtfld(encodings[0], problem.varTypes[:_num], problem.ranges[:, :_num], problem.borders[:, :_num])
    field2 = ea.crtfld(encodings[1], problem.varTypes[_num: _num + _num], problem.ranges[:, _num: _num + _num], problem.borders[:, _num: _num + _num])
    field3 = ea.crtfld(encodings[2], problem.varTypes[-_num:], problem.ranges[:, -_num:], problem.borders[:, -_num:])
    # 合并field
    fields = [field1, field2, field3]
    # 代入模板
    myAlgorithm = ea.soea_psy_EGA_templet(problem, ea.PsyPopulation(Encodings=encodings, Fields=fields, NIND=ndind), MAXGEN=maxgen, logTras=0)
    # 是否画图
    myAlgorithm.drawing = 0
    # 进行优化
    res = ea.optimize(myAlgorithm, seed=1, verbose=False, drawing=0, outputMsg=True, drawLog=False, saveFlag=False, dirName='result')
    return res['Vars'][0]


if __name__ == "__main__":
    Run_nsga(50, 1000)

如果你的问题还要复杂，需要对数据进行初始化，对种群进行初始化，使得模型训练更加可靠，可以在 ea.optimize 添加 prophet=prophet 。示例如下

def getProphet(dim, ndind, *args, **kwargs):
    prophet = np.zeros(shape=(ndind, dim), dtype=int)
    for i in range(ndind):
        prophet[i] = [random.random()] * dim
    return prophet


prophet = getProphet(_num * 3, ndind)
res = ea.optimize(myAlgorithm, prophet=prophet, seed=1, verbose=False, drawing=0, outputMsg=True, drawLog=False, saveFlag=False, dirName='result')