C++中直接调用|函数指针|std::function|模板函数效率对比
0. 机器配置
阿里云1核2G
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 1
On-line CPU(s) list: 0
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 1
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 85
Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8163 CPU @ 2.50GHz
Stepping: 4
CPU MHz: 2500.010
BogoMIPS: 5000.02
Hypervisor vendor: KVM
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 1024K
L3 cache: 33792K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm mpx avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 arat spec_ctrl intel_stibp
1. 测试代码
/**
* @file
* @brief 测试C++11 中 function,直接函数调用,函数指针调用与模板函数调用的效率
*
*/
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <chrono>
//待封装的函数
int Benchmark (int i, int j) {
//int32_t index = rand() % 10000;
int32_t index = 47;
if (i < j)
return (i*index -j) + 7 * j;
else
return (i+j) * index;
}
typedef std::function<int (int, int) > FuncInt_IntInt;
using funcInt_IntInt = int (*) (int, int); //函数指针
template<typename T, typename F>
int TBenchmark(T a, T b, const F& func)
{
return func(a, b);
}
int main() {
int a = 1;
int b = a;
int c = a;
int d = a;
int MAX_COUNTER = 1E9;
FuncInt_IntInt fFunctional = Benchmark;
funcInt_IntInt fFuncPtr = Benchmark;
std::cout << "函数原型类型:\t\t" << typeid (Benchmark).name() << std::endl;
std::cout << "std::funciton类型:\t" << typeid (fFunctional).name() << std::endl;
std::cout << "函数指针类型:\t\t" << typeid (fFuncPtr).name() << std::endl;
std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> start, end;
start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_COUNTER; i++) {
a = Benchmark(a, 2);
}
end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
std::cout << "直接调用耗时:\t\t" << std::chrono::duration<double> (end - start).count() << "秒" << std::endl;
start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_COUNTER; i++) {
b = fFunctional (b, 2);
}
end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
std::cout << "使用std::function耗时:\t" << std::chrono::duration<double> (end - start).count() << "秒" << std::endl;
start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_COUNTER; i++) {
c = fFuncPtr (c, 2);
}
end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
std::cout << "使用函数指针耗时:\t" << std::chrono::duration<double> (end - start).count() << "秒" << std::endl;
start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_COUNTER; i++) {
d = TBenchmark(d, 2, Benchmark);
}
end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
std::cout << "使用模板函数耗时:\t" << std::chrono::duration<double> (end - start).count() << "秒" << std::endl;
std::cout << "a=" << a << std::endl;
std::cout << "b=" << b << std::endl;
std::cout << "c=" << c << std::endl;
std::cout << "d=" << c << std::endl;
return 0;
}
2. 测试结果
# int32_t index = rand() % 10000 测试结果
函数原型类型: FiiiE
std::funciton类型: St8functionIFiiiEE
函数指针类型: PFiiiE
直接调用耗时: 19.4755秒
使用std::function耗时: 44.6207秒
使用函数指针耗时: 17.8703秒
使用模板函数耗时: 20.2887秒
a=-575839072
b=-1680288092
c=884056696
d=884056696
# int32_t index = 47 测试结果
➜ test_home ./a.out
函数原型类型: FiiiE
std::funciton类型: St8functionIFiiiEE
函数指针类型: PFiiiE
直接调用耗时: 10.7342秒
使用std::function耗时: 37.5376秒
使用函数指针耗时: 10.6478秒
使用模板函数耗时: 14.9356秒
a=234836599
b=234836599
c=234836599
d=234836599
3. 结论
调用速率:
直接调用 ≈ 函数指针 > 模板函数 > std::function