C++中 直接调用、函数指针、std::function效率对比

[size=large]C++中 直接调用、函数指针、std::function效率对比

调用次数：10亿次
CPU： i7 860 （主频2.8GHz）
[color=red]测试结果：[/color] 函数指针要比直接调用慢2s左右；std::function 要比函数指针慢2s左右

貌似std::function调用时多了一句if语句的判断，用于测试是否绑定了函数。

结果及代码如下[/size]

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0092/9910/1f4484ae-3d01-31b7-88dc-20dd15c32a10.png[/img]

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0092/9912/901faa72-afc6-3a4f-b7a9-708186c39f44.png[/img]

/**
@file
@brief 测试C++11 中 function的效率
*/


#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <chrono>

//待封装的函数
int testEfficiency (int i, int j) {
    for (size_t ii = 0; ii < 5; ii++) {
        i += i - ii;
    }
    if (i < j)
        return i + 7 * j;
    else return i - 3 * j;
}

typedef std::function<int (int, int) > FuncInt_IntInt;
using funcInt_IntInt = int (*) (int, int);  //函数指针

int main() {
    int a = 1;
    int b = a;
    int c = a;
    int testNum = 1E9;
    FuncInt_IntInt fFunctional = testEfficiency;
    funcInt_IntInt fFuncPtr = testEfficiency;

    std::cout << "函数原型类型：\t\t" << typeid (testEfficiency).name() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "std::funciton类型：\t" << typeid (fFunctional).name() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "函数指针类型：\t\t"  << typeid (fFuncPtr).name() << std::endl;


    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> start, end;

    start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < testNum; i++) {
        a = testEfficiency (a, 2);
    }
    end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
    std::cout << "直接调用耗时：\t\t" << std::chrono::duration<double> (end - start).count() << "秒" << std::endl;

    start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < testNum; i++) {
        b = fFunctional (b, 2);
    }
    end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
    std::cout << "使用std::function耗时：\t" << std::chrono::duration<double> (end - start).count() << "秒" << std::endl;

    start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < testNum; i++) {
        c = fFuncPtr (c, 2);
    }
    end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
    std::cout << "使用函数指针耗时：\t" << std::chrono::duration<double> (end - start).count() << "秒" << std::endl;

    std::cout << "a=" << a << std::endl;
    std::cout << "b=" << b << std::endl;
    std::cout << "c=" << c << std::endl;
}