Spring MVC 快速教程：Hello World Spring MVC Fast Tutorial: Hello World

最新推荐文章于 2020-06-05 01:23:03 发布

GarfieldEr007

最新推荐文章于 2020-06-05 01:23:03 发布

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How Spring MVC works

Basically the same way as Struts:

Based on the HTTP request URL, the DispatcherServlet calls the corresponding Controller.
A View is rendered and sent as HTTP response.

Spring Servlet Declaration

In 'WEB-INF/web.xml', we declare Spring DispatcherServlet and map '*.html' URLs to it:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
         http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" >
 
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
 
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
 
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>
      jsp/index.jsp
    </welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
 
</web-app>

Spring Servlet Configuration

Let's now create the Spring configuration file 'WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml' (name based on the servlet name above):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
 
  <bean name="/hello_world.html" class="springmvc.web.HelloWorldController"/>
 
  <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
      <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
      <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
  </bean>
 
</beans>

Map URL /hello_world.html to Controller HelloWorldController
Declare View Resolver: when view ' view_name' is called (from the Controller), the file ' /jsp/view_name.jsp' will be used.

Controller

Let's create the Controller 'WEB-INF/src/springmvc/web/HelloWorldController.java':

package springmvc.web;
 
import java.io.IOException;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
 
public class HelloWorldController implements Controller {
 
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
 
		String aMessage = "Hello World MVC!";
 
		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("hello_world");
		modelAndView.addObject("message", aMessage);
 
		return modelAndView;
	}
}

This Controller calls the view 'hello_world', passing 'message' to it (like a Struts attribute).

View

Now the view: 'jsp/hello_world.jsp':

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<body>
	<p>This is my message: ${message}</p>
</body>
</html>

Displays the message attribute previously set in the Controller.

Make it work

From 'WEB-INF' folder type

ant

Relaunch Tomcat and check it's working:http://localhost:8180/springmvc/hello_world.html

Summary

Your project should now look like that:

You can download it here. With Java 6, delete the class files (ant clean) before compiling (ant).

We declared Spring servlet in web.xml
We created a Spring configuration file where we mapped an URL to a controller and defined a way to resolve views.
We created a controller and a view

from: http://jeromejaglale.com/doc/java/spring/hello_world