The Elements of Computing Systems阅读笔记(5)

多路逻辑门

多路逻辑门是指拥有多个输入而只有一个输出的逻辑门(不像多位有对应输入数目的输出)。

名称   :8路或门
输入引脚:in[8]
输出引脚:out
功能   :out=Or(in[0], in[1],..., in[7])

多路/多位数据选择器

m路n位的数据选择器选择m路中的某一路n位输入作为n位输出。选择通过k个控制位进行,k=log2m(二进制,所以二为底)。例子:
多路/多位数据选择器

名称   :Mux4Way16
输入引脚:a[16]、b[16]、c[16]、d[16]、sel[2]
输出引脚:out[16]
功能   :sel=00, out=a; sel=01, out=b; sel=10, out=c; sel=11, out=d。

多路/多位输出选择器

和上面的多路/多位数据选择器类似。
多路/多位输出选择器
之后就要开始用与非门进行搭建上面的这些基本的逻辑门。

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In the early days of computer science, the interactions of hardware, software, compilers, and operating system were simple enough to allow students to see an overall picture of how computers worked. With the increasing complexity of computer technology and the resulting specialization of knowledge, such clarity is often lost. Unlike other texts that cover only one aspect of the field, The Elements of Computing Systems gives students an integrated and rigorous picture of applied computer science, as its comes to play in the construction of a simple yet powerful computer system. Indeed, the best way to understand how computers work is to build one from scratch, and this textbook leads students through twelve chapters and projects that gradually build a basic hardware platform and a modern software hierarchy from the ground up. In the process, the students gain hands-on knowledge of hardware architecture, operating systems, programming languages, compilers, data structures, algorithms, and software engineering. Using this constructive approach, the book exposes a significant body of computer science knowledge and demonstrates how theoretical and applied techniques taught in other courses fit into the overall picture. Designed to support one- or two-semester courses, the book is based on an abstraction-implementation paradigm; each chapter presents a key hardware or software abstraction, a proposed implementation that makes it concrete, and an actual project. The emerging computer system can be built by following the chapters, although this is only one option, since the projects are self-contained and can be done or skipped in any order. All the computer science knowledge necessary for completing the projects is embedded in the book, the only pre-requisite being a programming experience. The book's web site provides all tools and materials necessary to build all the hardware and software systems described in the text, including two hundred test programs for the twelve projects. The projects and systems can be modified to meet various teaching needs, and all the supplied software is open-source.
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