颜色空间/格式转换:YUV-RGB

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已于 2023-08-17 17:46:05 修改

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分类专栏：图形学文章标签：音视频

于 2022-05-17 18:16:39 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/GengWenhui123/article/details/124825195

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定义

百度百科定义：YUV是一种颜色编码方法.
“Y”表示明亮度（Luminance或Luma），也就是灰阶值，“U”和“V”表示的则是色度（Chrominance或Chroma），作用是描述影像色彩及饱和度，用于指定像素的颜色。

转换

转换需要注意的是，不同的色域，转换矩阵有差异。
数字RGB转YUV的推导公式：

$W_r+W_g+W_b=1.0\,.$
$U_{max}=0.5\,,V_{max}=0.5\,.$
$Y=W_r*R+W_g*G+W_b*B$
$U=U_{max}*(B-Y)/(1-W_b)$
$V=V_{max}*(R-Y)/(1-W_r)$

$BT 601 : W r = 0.299 W g = 0.587 Wb = 0.114$
$BT 709 : W r = 0.2126 W g = 0.7152 Wb = 0.0722$
$BT 2020 : W r = 0.2627 W g = 0.678 Wb = 0.0593$

HLSL 实现


void yuv2rgb(in float3 yuv, out float3 rgb)
{
float3x3 YUV2RGB601 =
    {
        1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
        0.0, -0.344136289624630, 1.77200,
        1.40200, -0.714136289624630, 0.0
    };
    float3x3 YUV2RGB709 =
    {
        1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
        0.0, -0.187326980708465, 1.855601144893016,
        1.574803149606299, -0.468124602462383, 0.0
    };
    float3x3 YUV2RGB601Full =
    {
        1.164383561643836, 1.164383561643836, 1.164383561643836,
        0.0, -0.392, 2.017,
        1.596, -0.813, 0.0
    };
    float3x3 YUV2RGB709Full =
    {
        1.164383561643836, 1.164383561643836, 1.164383561643836,
        0.0, -0.21324861427373, 2.112401785714286,
        1.792741071428571, -0.532909328559444f, 0.0
    };
    float3x3 YUV2RGBMat =
    {
        1, 1, 1,
        0, -0.1873, 1.8556,
        1.5748, -0.46807, 0
    };
    rgb = mul(float3(yuv.r, yuv.g - 0.5, yuv.b - 0.5), YUV2RGBMat);
}

void rgb2yuv(in float3 rgb, out float3 yuv)
{
    float3x3 RGB2YUVMat =
    {
        0.2126, -0.11457, 0.5000,
        0.7152, -0.38543, -0.45415,
        0.0722, 0.5000, -0.04585
    };

    yuv = mul(rgb, RGB2YUVMat) + float3(0.0, 0.5, 0.5);

}

GLSL 实现

void yuvSample(out vec4 texColor, in vec2 texCoord) 
{
    vec3 yuv;
    vec3 rgb;
    yuv.x = texture2D(u_Texture0, texCoord).r;
    yuv.y = texture2D(u_Texture1, texCoord).r - 0.5;
    yuv.z = texture2D(u_Texture2, texCoord).r - 0.5;
    rgb = mat3(1, 1, 1,
               0, -0.3455, 1.779,
               1.4075, -0.7169, 0) * yuv;
    texColor = vec4(rgb, f_transparency);
}