Ubuntu 16.04 + GTK780 + opencv 安装配置

1.opencv安装要求（opencv官网）

http://docs.opencv.org/2.4/doc/tutorials/introduction/linux_install/linux_install.html#linux-installation

GCC 4.4.x or later

CMake 2.6 or higher

Git

GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)

pkg-config

Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)

ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev

[optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev

[optional] libdc1394 2.x

[optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev

2.预检

#gcc --version

gcc (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.02) 5.4.0 20160609
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO

warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

3. 安装cmake-2.8.12.1 

# sudo wget  http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.12.1-Linux-i386.tar.gz

# tar xzvfcmake-2.8.11.tar.gz

# cd cmake-2.8.11

# ./configure;  make;  make install

4.安装依赖库

# sudo apt-get install build-essential

# sudo apt-get install git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev

# sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

5.安装cuda

因为需要GPU，故安装CUDA

5.1 安装NVIDIA驱动

Nouveau是由第三方为NVIDIA显卡开发的一个开源3D驱动，没能得到NVIDIA的认可与支持，不过确让Linux更容易的应对各种复杂的NVIDIA显卡环境，让用户安装完系统即可进入桌面并且有不错的显示效果，故很多Linux发行版默认集成了Nouveau驱动，在遇到NVIDIA显卡时默认安装。企业版的Linux更是如此，几乎所有支持图形界面的企业Linux发行版都将Nouveau收入其中。

关闭Nouveau

#sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf  在文件后面加入blacklist nouveau 

#mv /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img.bak(无效)

#dracut -v /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img $(uname -r) （sudo apt-get install dracut）

下载驱动程序NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-367.44.run

# sudo service lightdm stop 进入命令行

# sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-367.44.run

报错：You appear to be running an X server; please exit X ...

# ps -e | grep X

# sudo kill Xorg   kill掉X进程

# sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-367.44.run

# sudo service lightdm start   返回图像界面

进入图像界面后报错：System program problem detected (未解决)

# nvidia-smi  检查驱动

5.2 安装CUDA

# sudo ./ cuda_7.5.18_linux.run --override

# sudo gedit ~/.bashrc 修改环境变量

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cuda-7.5/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda/lib64

#source ~/.bashrc

# sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf    修改动态链接

/usr/local/cuda/lib64

# sudo ldconfig

#  nvcc -V  检查CUDA

# cd /usr/local/cuda-7.5/samples

# sudo make测试CUDA

报错：unsupported GNU version! gcc versions later than 4.9 are not supported

gcc版本过高，修改CUDA配置文档，没有选择去降低gcc版本

# cd /usr/local/cuda/include/

# sudo cp host_config.h host_config.h.bak

# sudo gedit host_config.h 

if _GNUC_>4 || (_GNUC_ == 4 && _GNUC_MINOR_ > 9)  将两个4改为5

# cd /usr/local/cuda-7.5/samples

# sudo make  测试CUDA，通过

5.3 安装CUDNN

下载 cudnn7.5-linux-x64-v5.1.tgz

# sudo cpinclude/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include

# sudo cp lib64/libcudnn.*  /usr/local/cuda/lib64

# cd /usr/local/cuda/lib  需要对cudnn进行修改

# sudo rm -rf libcudnn.so libcudnn.so.5

# sudo ln -s libcudnn.5.1.3 libcudnn.so.5

# sudo ln -s libcudnn.so libcudnn.so

6.安装opencv2.4.13

# mkdir release

# cd release

# cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv2 

   -D CUDA_GENERATION=Kepler ..  （GTX780显卡，Kelper架构）

# make 

报错

error:/usr/include/string.h:652:42:error: ‘memcpy’ wasnotdeclaredin this scope

原因g++版本太新了，兼容一下，在出现上面错误时，在CMakeLists.txt中前几行添加

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS"${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -D_FORCE_INLINES")

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/Swearos/article/details/51307304

# sudo make install

set runtime path of "/usr/local/opencv2/bin/opencv_visualisation" to "/usr/local/opencv2/lib:/usr/local/cuda/lib64" 

... 

7. 配置环境变量（保守配置）

# sudo gedit ~/.bashrc

# exportPKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/opencv2/lib/pkgconfig

# exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/opencv2/lib

# source ~/.bashrc

# sudo /etc/ld.so.conf

#添加/usr/local/opencv2/lib

# sudo ldconfig

8.opencv测试

# cd  /usr/opencv-2.4.13/samples/c

# sudo ./build_all.sh

报错 coutours.c:1:39 fatal error: opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h: No such file or direction

第7步已经配置了环境变量，大费周章后

# sudo cp /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/opencv.pc  /usr/lib/pkgconfig 

参考：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_77ed43e301018iuu.html

# /usr/opencv-2.4.13/samples/c下     ./find_obj测试通过

9.opencv卸载  （未测试）

进入opencv源代码文件夹下的release（安装opencv时建立）

参考: http://blog.csdn.net/xulingqiang/article/details/52496701

#make uninstall

#cd ..

#   sudo rm -r release

# sudo rm -r /usr/local/include/opencv2 /usr/local/include/opencv /usr/include/opencv /usr/include/opencv2 /usr/local/share/opencv /usr/local/share/OpenCV /usr/share/opencv /usr/share/OpenCV /usr/local/bin/opencv* /usr/local/lib/libopencv