虚析构函数

虚析构函数：可通过基类指针删除派生类对象

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Base
{
	public:
		Base(int x)
		{
			q = new int;
			*q = x;
		}
		virtual ~Base()
		{
			printf("Base\n");
			//delete q		如果加上这个语句，这个程序就会崩溃，因为后面析构时q被释放了两次
		}
		int *q;
};
class Derived: public Base
{
	public:
		Derived(int x): Base(x)
		{
			p = new int;
			*p = x;
		}
		virtual ~Derived()
		{
			printf("Derived\n");
			delete p;
			delete q;		//其实这样做是极度不完全的，q是基类的指针，就应该在基类的析构函数里面被释放！
		}
	private:
		int *p, *z;
};
int main(void)
{
	Base *b = new Derived(15);
	Derived *q = new Derived(16);
	delete b;	//注意在调用完派生类的析构函数之后，仍然会再次调用基类的析构函数，如果Base类中的析构函数不声明为虚函数，那么就只会调用基类析构函数
	b = q;
	printf("%d %d\n", sizeof(*b), sizeof(*q));
	delete b;
	return 0;
}
/*
输出结果：
Derived
Base
8 16
Derived
Base
*/