Python类基础

基本定义

# 1.如何定义类
# 2.属性方法
# 3.实例化
# 4.self是什么
# 5.构造方法
# 6 name mangling


class A:
    __c = 100
    def __init__(self, a, b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

    def add(self):
        return self.a + self.b

    def getC(self):
        return self.__c


a = A(1, 10)
print a.add()
print a.getC()
print  a._A__c

继承

#继承
#class sonClass(fatherClass):

class B(A):
    pass

b= B(1,100)
print b.add()

覆盖

#覆盖
#super方法Python3特有


class A:
    __c = 100
    def __init__(self, a, b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

    def add(self):
        return self.a + self.b

    def getC(self):
        return self.__c

class B(A):
    def __init__(self,a,b,c):
        A.__init__(self,a,b)
        self.c = c

    def add(self):
        return self.a+self.b+self.c

    def sub(self):
        return self.a-self.b


bus = B(1,2,3)
print bus.add()

使用super

__metaclass__=type

class A:
    __c = 100
    def __init__(self, a, b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

    def add(self):
        return self.a + self.b

    def getC(self):
        return self.__c

class B(A):
    def __init__(self,a,b,c):
        super(B, self).__init__(a,b)
        self.c = c

    def add(self):
        return super(B,self).add()+self.c

    def sub(self):
        return self.a-self.b


bus = B(1,2,3)
print bus.add()

组合

class Man:
    def __init__(self,a):
        self.num = a
class Woman:
    def __init__(self,b):
        self.num = b

class Cls:
    def __init__(self,a,b):
        self.man = Man(a)
        self.woman = Woman(b)
    def person(self):
        print self.man.num,self.woman.num

c = Cls(10,100)
c.person()

绑定

1.类，类对象（类似c++ static），实例化对象的区别
2.绑定self

复习

1.基本实现一个类

__metaclass__=type

class Person:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.person_name = name
    def setName(self,name):
        self.person_name = name
    def getName(self):
        return self.person_name
    def printName(self):
        print('person name is:',self.person_name)

a = Person('wangz')
a.printName()
>>person name is: wangz
#对属性对外部可以访问
a.person_name = 'zzz'
b=a.printName
b()
>>person name is: zzz

2.属性/方法的私有化（改写，假的）

将上述person_name加上下划线
class Person:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.__person_name = name
    def setName(self,name):
        self.__person_name = name
    def getName(self):
        return self.__person_name
    def printName(self):
        print('person name is:',self.__person_name)

a = Person('wangz')
a.printName()

方法的私有：
class Pk:
    def __init__(self,a,b):
        self.a=a
        self.b=b
    #这是一个私有的方法，事实上在类的内部翻译成 _Pk__absPk()
    def __absPk(self): 
        self.a=abs(self.a)
        self.b=abs(self.b)
    def add(self):
        self.__absPk()
        return self.a+self.b

a=Pk(1,-2)
print(a.add())