遗传算法与深度学习实战——使用进化策略实现EvoLisa

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-29 20:11:54 发布

盼小辉丶

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-29 20:11:54 发布

阅读量401

点赞数 15

文章标签：深度学习人工智能遗传算法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611/article/details/140702908

版权

遗传算法与深度学习实战——使用进化策略实现EvoLisa

0. 前言

我们已经学习了进化策略 (Evolutionary Strategies, ES) 的基本原理，并且尝试使用 ES 解决了函数逼近问题。函数逼近是一个很好的基准问题，但为了充分展示 ES 的作用，本节中，我们将重新思考 EvoLisa 问题，采用 ES 作为解决策略，以将 ES 和常规遗传算法进行对比。

1. 使用进化策略实现 EvoLisa

接下来，使用进化策略 (Evolutionary Strategies, ES) 通过复现 EvoLisa 项目重建《蒙娜丽莎》图像。

import random
import numpy as np

from deap import algorithms
from deap import base
from deap import creator
from deap import tools

import os
import cv2
import urllib.request
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from IPython.display import clear_output

def load_target_image(image_url, color=True, size=None):
    image_path = "target_image"    
    urllib.request.urlretrieve(image_url,image_path)
    if color:
        target = cv2.imread(image_path, cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
        # Switch from bgr to rgb
        target = cv2.cvtColor(target, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
    else:
        target = cv2.imread(image_path, cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)

    if size:
        # Only resizes image if it is needed!
        target = cv2.resize(src=target, dsize=size, interpolation=cv2.INTER_AREA)
    return target

def show_image(img_arr):    
    plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
    plt.axis("off")
    plt.imshow(img_arr/255)
    plt.show()

def show_results(history, img_arr, org):
    plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.subplot(221)
    plt.axis("off")
    plt.imshow(img_arr/255)
    plt.title('best of generation')

    plt.subplot(222)
    plt.axis("off")
    plt.imshow(org/255)
    plt.title('target image')

    plt.subplot(212)
    lh = len(history)
    plt.xlim([lh-50, lh])
    plt.plot(history)
    plt.title('min fitness by generation') 
    plt.show()

polygons = 255 #@param {type:"slider", min:10, max:1000, step:1}
size = 32 #@param {type:"slider", min:16, max:1000, step:2}
target_image = "Mona Lisa" #@param ["Mona Lisa", "Stop Sign", "Landscape", "Celebrity", "Art", "Abstract"]
report_every_gen = 10 #@param {type:"slider", min:1, max:100, step:1}
number_generations = 10000 #@param {type:"slider", min:100, max:10000, step:10}


POLYGONS = polygons
SIZE = (size, size)

target_urls = { "Mona Lisa" : 'https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Mona_Lisa_face_800x800px.jpg',
               "Stop Sign" : 'https://images.uline.com/is/image//content/dam/images/H/H2500/H-2381.jpg',
               "Landscape" : 'https://www.adorama.com/alc/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/landscape-photography-tips-yosemite-valley-feature.jpg',
               "Celebrity" : 'https://s.abcnews.com/images/Entertainment/WireAP_91d6741d1954459f9993bd7a2f62b6bb_16x9_992.jpg',
               "Art" : "http://www.indianruminations.com/wp-content/uploads/what-is-modern-art-definition-2.jpg",
               "Abstract" : "https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/2020/abstractart.jpg"
               }

target_image_url = target_urls[target_image]
target = load_target_image(target_image_url, size=SIZE)
show_image(target)
print(target.shape)

#polygon genes
GENE_LENGTH = 10
NUM_GENES = POLYGONS * GENE_LENGTH

#create a sample invidiual
individual = np.random.uniform(0,1,NUM_GENES)
print(individual)
# [0.62249533 0.44090963 0.14777921 ... 0.57283261 0.9325435  0.25907929]

def extract_genes(genes, length): 
    for i in range(0, len(genes), length): 
        yield genes[i:i + length]

def render_individual(individual):
    if isinstance(individual,list):
        individual = np.array(individual)
    canvas = np.zeros(SIZE+(3,))
    radius_avg = (SIZE[0] + SIZE[1]) / 2 / 6
    genes = extract_genes(individual, GENE_LENGTH)
    for gene in genes:
        try:
            overlay = canvas.copy()
            # alternative drawing methods circle or rectangle
            # circle brush uses a GENE_LENGTH of 7
            # center = (0, 1) [2]
            # radius = (2) [3]
            # color = (3,4,5) [6]
            # alpha = (6) [7]
            #cv2.circle(
            #    overlay,
            #    center=(int(gene[1] * SIZE[1]), int(gene[0] * SIZE[0])),
            #    radius=int(gene[2] * radius_avg),
            #    color=color,
            #    thickness=-1,
            #)

            # rectangle brush uses GENE_LENGTH = 8
            # top left = (0, 1) [2]
            # btm right = (2, 3) [4]
            # color = (4, 5, 6) [7]
            # alpha = (7) [8]
            #cv2.rectangle(overlay, (x1, y1), (x2, y2), color, -1)    

            # polyline brush uses GENE_LENGTH = 10
            # pts = (0, 1), (2, 3), (4, 5) [6]      
            # color = (6, 7, 8) [9]
            # alpha = (9) [10]
            x1 = int(gene[0] * SIZE[0])
            x2 = int(gene[2] * SIZE[0])
            x3 = int(gene[4] * SIZE[0])
            y1 = int(gene[1] * SIZE[1])
            y2 = int(gene[3] * SIZE[1])
            y3 = int(gene[5] * SIZE[1])
            color = (gene[6:-1] * 255).astype(int).tolist() 
            pts = np.array([[x1,y1],[x2,y2],[x3,y3]], np.int32)  
            pts = pts.reshape((-1, 1, 2))
            pts = np.array([[x1,y1],[x2,y2],[x3,y3]])

            cv2.fillPoly(overlay, [pts], color)
            alpha = gene[-1]
            canvas = cv2.addWeighted(overlay, alpha, canvas, 1 - alpha, 0)  
        except:
            pass
    return canvas

render = render_individual(individual)
show_image(render)

from skimage.metrics import structural_similarity as ss
#@title Fitness Function
def fitness_mse(render):
    """Calculates Mean Square Error Fitness for a render"""
    error = (np.square(render - target)).mean(axis=None)
    return error

def fitness_ss(render):
    """Calculated Structural Similiarity Fitness"""
    index = ss(render, target, multichannel=True)
    return 1-index

print(fitness_mse(render))

IND_SIZE = NUM_GENES
MIN_VALUE = -1
MAX_VALUE = 1
MIN_STRATEGY = 0.5
MAX_STRATEGY = 5

CXPB = .6
MUTPB = .3

creator.create("FitnessMin", base.Fitness, weights=(-1.0,))
creator.create("Individual", list, typecode="d", fitness=creator.FitnessMin, strategy=None)
creator.create("Strategy", list, typecode="d")

def generateES(icls, scls, size, imin, imax, smin, smax):  
    ind = icls(random.uniform(imin, imax) for _ in range(size))  
    ind.strategy = scls(random.uniform(smin, smax) for _ in range(size))  
    return ind

def checkStrategy(minstrategy):
    def decorator(func):
        def wrappper(*args, **kargs):
            children = func(*args, **kargs)
            for child in children:
                for i, s in enumerate(child.strategy):
                    if s < minstrategy:
                        child.strategy[i] = minstrategy
            return children
        return wrappper
return decorator

def uniform(low, up, size=None):
    try:
        return [random.uniform(a, b) for a, b in zip(low, up)]
    except TypeError:
        return [random.uniform(a, b) for a, b in zip([low] * size, [up] * size)]

def clamp(low, up, n):
    return max(low, min(n, up))

def custom_blend(ind1, ind2, alpha):    
    for i, (x1, s1, x2, s2) in enumerate(zip(ind1, ind1.strategy,
                                             ind2, ind2.strategy)):
        # Blend the values
        gamma = (1. + 2. * alpha) * random.random() - alpha
        ind1[i] = clamp(0.0, 1.0, (1. - gamma) * x1 + gamma * x2)
        ind2[i] = clamp(0.0, 1.0, gamma * x1 + (1. - gamma) * x2)
        # Blend the strategies
        gamma = (1. + 2. * alpha) * random.random() - alpha
        ind1.strategy[i] = (1. - gamma) * s1 + gamma * s2
        ind2.strategy[i] = gamma * s1 + (1. - gamma) * s2
        

return ind1, ind2

toolbox = base.Toolbox()
toolbox.register("individual", generateES, creator.Individual, creator.Strategy,
    IND_SIZE, MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE, MIN_STRATEGY, MAX_STRATEGY)
toolbox.register("population", tools.initRepeat, list, toolbox.individual)
toolbox.register("mate", custom_blend, alpha=0.5)
toolbox.register("mutate", tools.mutESLogNormal, c=1.0, indpb=0.06)
toolbox.register("select", tools.selTournament, tournsize=5)

toolbox.decorate("mate", checkStrategy(MIN_STRATEGY))
toolbox.decorate("mutate", checkStrategy(MIN_STRATEGY))

def evaluate(individual):
    render = render_individual(individual)
    print('.', end='')
return fitness_mse(render),  #using MSE for fitness

#toolbox.register("mutate", tools.mutGaussian, mu=0.0, sigma=.1, indpb=.25)
toolbox.register("evaluate", evaluate)

NGEN = number_generations
RGEN = report_every_gen
CXPB = .6
MUTPB = .3
MU, LAMBDA = 100, 250
pop = toolbox.population(n=MU)
hof = tools.HallOfFame(1)
stats = tools.Statistics(lambda ind: ind.fitness.values)
stats.register("avg", np.mean)
stats.register("std", np.std)
stats.register("min", np.min)
stats.register("max", np.max) 

best = None
history = []

for g in range(NGEN):
    pop, logbook = algorithms.eaMuCommaLambda(pop, toolbox, mu=MU, lambda_=LAMBDA, 
                cxpb=CXPB, mutpb=MUTPB, ngen=RGEN, stats=stats, halloffame=hof, verbose=False)
    
    best = hof[0]
    #pop, logbook = algorithms.eaSimple(pop, toolbox, 
    #         cxpb=CXPB, mutpb=MUTPB, ngen=100, stats=stats, halloffame=hof, verbose=False)
    #best = hof[0] 
    clear_output()  
    render = render_individual(best) 
    history.extend([clamp(0.0, 5000.0, l["min"]) for l in logbook])
    show_results(history, render, target)  
    print(f"Gen ({(g+1)*RGEN}) : best fitness = {fitness_mse(render)}")