Encapsulation的好处:
1. Help separation of concerns
2. Help enforce boundaries
3. Simplify layer implementations
Basic Idea of Encapsulation in 4-layer Internet
来自上层的信息会被encapsulated到下一层的信息内
例如来自network layer的IP packet会被encapsulated到link layer的frame中间
在VPN中,各个层级的信息被依次encapsulated到下一层的信息中间
How each segment was encapsulated by lower layers in VPN