Mortgage Loan

A simple interest calculation is known to be P (1 + rt), where P is the principal amount, r is the interest rate, and t is the term,

from decimal import Decimal
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

colors = [
            (31, 119, 180), (174, 199, 232),(255,128,0),    (255, 15, 14),
            (44, 160, 44),  (152, 223, 138),(214, 39, 40),  (255,173, 61),
            (148, 103, 189),(197, 176, 213),(140, 86, 75),  (196, 156, 148),
            (227, 119, 194),(247, 182, 210),(127, 127, 127),(199, 199, 199),
            (188, 189, 34), (219, 219, 141),(23, 190, 207), (158, 218, 229)
         ]

#Scale the RGB values to the [0,1] range, which is the format matplotlib accepts
for i in range(len(colors)):
    r,g,b = colors[i]
    colors[i] = (r/255., g/255., b/255.)

def printHeaders(term, extra):
    # Print headers
    print("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n")
    print("\nExtra-Payment: $" + str(extra) + " Term:" + str(int(term)) +" years")
    
    print('Pmt no'.rjust(6),    ' ', '  Beg. bal.'.ljust(13), ' ', 'Payment'.ljust(9), ' ',\
          'Principal'.ljust(9), ' ', 'Interest'.ljust(9),   ' ', 'End. bal.'.ljust(13)
         )
    print(''.rjust(9, '-'),     ' ', ''.ljust(9, '-'),      ' ', ''.rjust(9, '-'),   ' ',\
          ''.ljust(13, '-'),    ' '
         )

def pmt(principal, rate, term):
    #Monthly payment formula
    ratePerTwelve = rate / (12*100.0)    #the monthly interest rate
    result = principal * ( ratePerTwelve / ( 1-(1+ratePerTwelve)**(-term) ) )
    
    #Convert to decimal and round off to two decimal places.
    result = Decimal(result)
    result = round(result, 2)
    return result

def amortization_table(principal, rate, term, extraPayment, printData=False):
    #amortization_table(350000,   5,    360,   extraPayment,       True)
    xarr = [] ###############
    begarr = []##############
    
    original_loan = principal
    money_saved = 0
    total_payment=0
    payment = float(pmt(principal, rate, term))
    begBal = principal
    
    #Print data
    num = 1
    endBal = 1
    if printData == True:
        printHeaders(term/12, extraPayment)
    
    #term<=360
    while( num<term+1 ) and ( endBal>0 ):
        interest = round( begBal * (rate/(12*100.0)), 2 )  # P * r
        applied = extraPayment + round( payment-interest, 2 ) #extraPayment + pmt - P*r
        # P - ( extraPayment + pmt - P*r ) = P(1+r) - ( pmt +extraPayment )
        endBal = round( begBal - applied, 2 )
        
        # (num-1)%12 for printing per year(per 12 months)
        # endBal<applied+extraPayment # endingBalance< the rest after paying off interest + extraPayment 
        if (num-1)%12 == 0 or (endBal<applied+extraPayment):    #??????????????endBal<payment+extraPayment
            begarr.append(begBal)###############
            xarr.append(num/12)#################
                                    ######################
            if (printData == True) and ( endBal>0 ):
                print('{0:3d}'.format(num).center(6), ' ',\
                      '{0:,.2f}'.format(begBal).rjust(13), ' ',\
                      '{0:,.2f}'.format(payment).rjust(9), ' ',\
                      '{0:,.2f}'.format(applied).rjust(9), ' ',\
                      '{0:,.2f}'.format(interest).rjust(9), ' ',\
                      '{0:,.2f}'.format(endBal).rjust(13)
                     )
        total_payment += applied+extraPayment               #??????????????payment+extraPayment
        num+=1
        begBal = endBal
        
    
    if extraPayment >0:                                     
        money_saved = abs(original_loan - total_payment)    #?????????????money_saved = payment*term-(total_payment)
        print( '\nTotal Payment:','{0:,.2f}'.format(total_payment).rjust(13), \
               ' Money Saved:','{0:,.2f}'.format(money_saved).rjust(13)
             )
    #begarr.append(begBal)    and     xarr.append(num/12)
    return xarr, begarr, '{0:,.2f}'.format(money_saved)   

plt.figure(figsize=(18,14))

i=0
markers = ['o','s','D','^','v','*','p','s','D','o','s','D','^','v','*','p','s','D']
markersize=[8 , 8,   8,12,  8,  8,  8, 12,  8,  8,  8,  8,  8,  8,  8,  8,  8, 8, 8,8,8,8,8,8,8]

for extra in range(100, 1700, 100):
    xv, bv, saved = amortization_table(350000,5,360,extra, True)
    if extra ==0:
        plt.plot(xv,bv,color=colors[i],lw=2.2, label="Principal only", \
                 marker=markers[i], markersize=markersize[i])
    else:
        plt.plot(xv,bv,color=colors[i],lw=2.2, label="Principal plus\$" + str(extra) + str("/month, Save:\$")+saved,\
                 marker=markers[i], markersize=markersize[i])
    i+=1

plt.grid(True)
plt.xlabel("Years", fontsize=18)
plt.ylabel("Mortgage Balance", fontsize=18)
plt.title("Mortgage Loan For $350,000 With Additional Payment Chart", fontsize=20)
plt.legend()
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# set the saving value from previous example
yvals1 = [101000,111000,121000,131000,138000,143000,148000,153000,158000]

yvals2 = [130000,142000,155000,160000,170000,180000,190000,194000,200000]

yvals3 = [125000,139000,157000,171000,183000,194000,205000,212000,220000] 

xvals = [500,600,700, 800, 900,1000,1100,1200,1300]

#initialize bubbles that will be scaled
bubble1 = []
bubble2 = []
bubble3 = []

# scale it on something that can be displayed
# it should be scaled to 1000, but display will be too big
# so we choose to scale by 5% (divide these by 20 again to relate to real values)

for i in range(0,9):
    bubble1.append(yvals1[i]/20)
    bubble2.append(yvals2[i]/20)
    bubble3.append(yvals3[i]/20)

# plot yvalues with scaled by bubble sizes
# If bubbles are not scaled, they don't fit well
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10,12))
plt1 = ax.scatter(xvals,yvals1, c='#d82730', s=bubble1, alpha=0.5)
plt2 = ax.scatter(xvals,yvals2, c='#2077b4', s=bubble2, alpha=0.5)
plt3 = ax.scatter(xvals,yvals3, c='#ff8010', s=bubble3, alpha=0.5)

# Set the labels and title
ax.set_xlabel('Extra Dollar Amount', fontsize=16)
ax.set_ylabel('Savings', fontsize=16)
ax.set_title('Mortgage Savings (Paying Extra Every Month)',fontsize=20)

# Set x and y limits
ax.set_xlim(400,1450)
ax.set_ylim(90000,230000)

ax.grid(True)
ax.legend((plt1, plt2, plt3), ('$250,000 Loan', '$350,000 Loan', '$450,000 Loan'), scatterpoints=1, loc='upper left', markerscale=0.17, fontsize=10, ncol=1)

fig.tight_layout()
plt.show()