C++第43课--继承的概念和意义

本文学习自 狄泰软件学院 唐佐林老师的 C++课程

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实验1：组合关系描述
实验2：继承初体验
实验3：子类对象可以直接初始化，赋值给父类对象

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实验1：组合关系描述

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Memory
{
public:
    Memory()
    {
        cout << "Memory()" << endl;
    }
    ~Memory()
    {
        cout << "~Memory()" << endl;
    }
};

class Disk
{
public:
    Disk()
    {
        cout << "Disk()" << endl;
    }
    ~Disk()
    {
        cout << "~Disk()" << endl;
    }   
};

class CPU
{
public:
    CPU()
    {
        cout << "CPU()" << endl;
    }
    ~CPU()
    {
        cout << "~CPU()" << endl;
    }    
};

class MainBoard
{
public:
    MainBoard()
    {
        cout << "MainBoard()" << endl;
    }
    ~MainBoard()
    {
        cout << "~MainBoard()" << endl;
    }    
};

class Computer
{
    Memory mMem;
    Disk mDisk;
    CPU mCPU;
    MainBoard mMainBoard;
public:
    Computer()
    {
        cout << "Computer()" << endl;
    }
    void power()
    {
        cout << "power()" << endl;
    }
    void reset()
    {
        cout << "reset()" << endl;
    }
    ~Computer()
    {
        cout << "~Computer()" << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{   
    Computer c;
    
    return 0;
}


mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ 
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ g++ 43-1.cpp
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ 
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ ./a.out 
Memory()
Disk()
CPU()
MainBoard()
Computer()
~Computer()
~MainBoard()
~CPU()
~Disk()
~Memory()
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ 

给我买一个电脑，买了一个惠普电脑。

子类继承父类的所有属性和行为：继承所有的成员变量和成员函数

实验2：继承初体验

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Parent
{
    int mv;
public:
    Parent()
    {
        cout << "Parent()" << endl;
        mv = 100;
    }
    void method()
    {
        cout << "mv = " << mv << endl;
    }
};

class Child : public Parent
{
public:
    void hello()
    {
        cout << "I'm Child calss!" << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{   
    Child c;
    
    c.hello();
    c.method();
    
    return 0;
}

mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ 
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ g++ 43-2.cpp
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ ./a.out 
Parent()
I'm Child calss!
mv = 100
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ 

实验3：子类对象可以直接初始化，赋值给父类对象

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Parent
{
    int mv;
public:
    Parent()
    {
        cout << "Parent()" << endl;
        mv = 100;
    }
    void method()
    {
        cout << "mv = " << mv << endl;
    }
};

class Child : public Parent
{
public:
    void hello()
    {
        cout << "I'm Child calss!" << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{   
    Child c;
    Parent p1 = c;//初始化
     Parent p2;
     p2 = c;//赋值
    
    return 0;
}

mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ 
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$ g++ 43-2.cpp
mhr@ubuntu:~/work/c++$