Handler详解

主线程（UI线程）不能执行耗时的操作，例如连网读数据，读本地文件等。这些操作必须放在子线程中执行，但子线程又涉及到UI更新，而更新UI只能在主线程进行。所以，Handler可解决这问题。Handler运行在主线程中，Handler与子线程之间通过Message对象传递消息，子线程通过sendMessage传递Message对象，Handler通过handerMessage进行更新UI。主线程发送消息给子线程，也可使用Handler。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="44dp"
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:text="你好 World!" />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="60dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:text="发送"
        android:id="@+id/btn"/>
</LinearLayout>


public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button btn;
    private TextView tv;
    private Handler handler;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn);
        tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv);

        Log.i("test","主线程名字 = " + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                "主线程id = " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
        handler = new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                switch (msg.what) {
                    case 0:
                        //主线程更新UI
                        tv.setText(msg.obj.toString());
                        break;
                }
                }
        };
        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //创建一个子线程
                new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Log.i("test","子线程名字 = " + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                                "子线程id = " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
                        Message msg = handler.obtainMessage();
                        msg.what = 0;
                        msg.obj = Thread.currentThread().getName();
                        handler.sendMessage(msg);
                    }
                }.start();
            }
        });
    }
}
Logcat分析：
1. app启动，只有一个主线程：
主线程名字 = main主线程id = 1
2. 点击发送按钮，生成一个子线程：
09-29  子线程名字 = Thread-64520子线程id = 64520
09-29  子线程名字 = Thread-64521子线程id = 64521
09-29  子线程名字 = Thread-64522子线程id = 64522
09-29  子线程名字 = Thread-64523子线程id = 64523
09-29  子线程名字 = Thread-64524子线程id = 64524
09-29  子线程名字 = Thread-64525子线程id = 64525
09-29  子线程名字 = Thread-64526子线程id = 64526
09-29  子线程名字 = Thread-64527子线程id = 64527


----------
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button btn;
    private TextView tv;
    private Handler handler;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn);
        tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv);

        Log.i("test","主线程名字 = " + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                "主线程id = " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
        handler = new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                switch (msg.what) {
                    case 0:
                        //主线程更新UI
                        tv.setText(msg.obj.toString());
                        break;
                }
                }
        };
        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //创建一个子线程
                new Thread(new MyRunnable(handler)).start();
            }
        });
    }

}

    class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
        Handler handler;
        public MyRunnable(Handler handler){
            this.handler = handler;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Log.i("test","子线程名字 = " + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                    "子线程id = " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            Message msg = handler.obtainMessage();
            msg.what = 0;
            msg.obj = Thread.currentThread().getName();
            handler.sendMessage(msg);
        }
    }

总结：