1.处理简单选项
#!/bin/bash
while [ -n "$1" ]
do
case "$1" in
-a) echo "Found a option";;
-b)echo "Found b option";;
*) echo "$1 is not an option";;
esac
shift
done
-n:判断变量字符串的长度是否为非零。
$ ./test.sh -d -a
-d is not an option
Found -a option
2.分离参数和选项
在脚本中经常会同时使用选项和参数。Linux中处理这个问题的标准方法是用特殊字符将二者分开,该字符会告诉脚本何时选项结束以及普通参数何时开始。这个特殊字符是–。shell会用双破折线来表明选项列表结束。
#!/bin/bash
while [ -n "$!" ]
do
case "$1" in
-a) echo "Found a option";;
-b) echo "Found b option";;
--) shift
break;;
* ) echo "$1 is not an option";;
esac
done
count=1
for param in $@
do
echo "Parameter #$count: $param"
count=$[ $count + 1 ]
done
第一次测试:
$ ./test.sh -a -- test1
Found -a option
test1 is not an option
第二次测试:
$ ./test.sh -a -- test1
Found -a option
Parameter #1: test1
当脚本遇到破折线时,它会停止处理选项,并将剩下的参数都当做命令行参数。
3.处理带值的选项
#!/bin/bash
while [ -n "$1" ]
do
case "$1" in
-a) echo "Found -a option";;
-b) param=$2
echo "Found the -b option"
shift;;
--) shift
break;;
*) echo "$1 is not an option";;
esac
shift
done
count=1
for param in "$@"
do
echo "Parameter #$count: $param"
count=$[ $count + 1 ]
done
测试结果:
$ ./test.sh -b test1 -a -d
Found -b option,with parameter
Found -a option
-d is not an option