接口隔离原则(Interface Segregation隔离 Principle)
基本介绍
1) 客户端不应该依赖它不需要的接 口,即一个类对另一个类的依赖 应该建立在最小的接口上
2) 先看一张图:
3) 类A通过接口Interface1依赖类B,类C通过 接口Interface1依赖类D,如果接口 Interface1对于类A和类C来说不是最小接口, 那么类B和类D必须去实现他们不需要的 方法。
4) 按隔离原则应当这样处理: 将接口Interface1拆分为独立的几个接口, 类A和类C分别与他们需要的接口建立依赖关系。也就是采用接口隔离原则
应用实例 : 类A通过接口Interface1依赖类B, 类C通过接口Interface1依赖类D, 编码:
public class Segregation1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
A a = new A();
a.depend1(new B());
a.depend2(new B());
a.depend3(new B());
}
}
//接口
interface Interface1 {
void operation1();
void operation2();
void operation3();
void operation4();
void operation5();
}
class B implements Interface1 {
public void operation1() {
System.out.println("B 实现了 operation1");
}
public void operation2() { System.out.println("B 实现了 operation2"); }
public void operation3() {
System.out.println("B 实现了 operation3");
}
public void operation4() {
System.out.println("B 实现了 operation4");
}
public void operation5() {
System.out.println("B 实现了 operation5");
}
}
class D implements Interface1 {
public void operation1() {
System.out.println("D 实现了 operation1");
}
public void operation2() {
System.out.println("D 实现了 operation2");
}
public void operation3() {
System.out.println("D 实现了 operation3");
}
public void operation4() {
System.out.println("D 实现了 operation4");
}
public void operation5() {
System.out.println("D 实现了 operation5");
}
}
class A { //A
public void depend1(Interface1 i) { i.operation1(); }
public void depend2(Interface1 i) { i.operation2(); }
public void depend3(Interface1 i) {
i.operation3();
}
}
class C { //C
public void depend1(Interface1 i) {
i.operation1();
}
public void depend4(Interface1 i) {
i.operation4();
}
public void depend5(Interface1 i) {
i.operation5();
}
}
应传统方法的问题和使用接口隔离原则改进
1) 类A通过接口Interface1依赖类B,类C通过接口Interface1依赖类D,如果接口 Interface1对于类A和类C来说不是最小接口,那么类B和类D必须去实现他们不 需要的方法
2) 将接口Interface1拆分为独立的几个接口,类A和类C分别与他们需要的接口建立 依赖关系。也就是采用接口隔离原则
3) 接口Interface1中出现的方法,根据实际情况拆分为三个接口
4) 代码实现
public class Segregation1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
A a = new A();
a.depend1(new B()); //
a.depend2(new B());
a.depend3(new B());
C c = new C();
c.depend1(new D()); //
c.depend4(new D());
c.depend5(new D());
}
}
//
interface Interface1 {
void operation1();
}
//
interface Interface2 {
void operation2();
void operation3();
}
//
interface Interface3 {
void operation4();
void operation5();
}
class B implements Interface1, Interface2 {
public void operation1() {
System.out.println("B 实现了 operation1");
}
public void operation2() {
System.out.println("B 实现了 operation2");
}
public void operation3() {
System.out.println("B 实现了 operation3");
}
}
class D implements Interface1, Interface3 {
public void operation1() {
System.out.println("D 实现了 operation1");
}
public void operation4() {
System.out.println("D 实现了 operation4");
}
public void operation5() {
System.out.println("D 实现了 operation5");
}
}
class A { //
public void depend1(Interface1 i) {
i.operation1();
}
public void depend2(Interface2 i) {
i.operation2();
}
public void depend3(Interface2 i) {
i.operation3();
}
}
class C { //
public void depend1(Interface1 i) {
i.operation1();
}
public void depend4(Interface3 i) {
i.operation4();
}
public void depend5(Interface3 i) {
i.operation5();
}
}