1. Introduction
单变量微积分是MIT的开放课程18.01 Single Varialbe Calculus,该课程是理工科学生在MIT的第一年上半学期的学习内容,只需要高中的代数与三角相关的知识。
这门课程主要讲解一元函数的微分与积分,以及它们的应用,主要知识点包括:
- Concepts of Function, Limits and Continuity
- Differentiation Rules, Application to Graphing, Rates, Approximations, and Extremum Problems
- Definite and Indefinite Integration
- The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
- Applications to Geometry: Area, Volume, and Arc Length
- Applications to Science: Average Values, Work, and Probability
- Techniques of Integration
- Approximation of Definite Integrals, Improper Integrals, and L’Hôspital’s Rule
2. Goals
学完本课程,学生应该对单变量微积分的概念有个清楚的认识,并且可以用微分与积分的实际意义去解决分析现实问题。
两个基本概念:
- Derivatives as rates of change, computed as a limit of ratios
- Integrals as a “sum,” computed as a limit of Riemann sums
下面是对学完该课程的知识要求:
- Use both the limit definition and rules of differentiation to differentiate functions.
- Sketch the graph of a function using asymptotes, critical points, the derivative test for increasing/decreasing functions, and concavity.
- Apply differentiation to solve applied max/min problems.
- Apply differentiation to solve related rates problems.
- Evaluate integrals both by using Riemann sums and by using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
- Apply integration to compute arc lengths, volumes of revolution and surface areas of revolution.
- Evaluate integrals using advanced techniques of integration, such as inverse substitution, partial fractions and integration by parts.
- Use L’Hospital’s rule to evaluate certain indefinite forms.
- Determine convergence/divergence of improper integrals and evaluate convergent improper integrals.
- Determine the convergence/divergence of an infinite series and find the Taylor series expansion of a function near a point.
3. Course Structure
课程主要包括了以下几个部分:
- Differentiation
- Applications of Differentiation
- The Definite Integral and its Applications
- Techniques of Integration
- Exploring the Infinite