orangepi使用Python控制GPIO 驱动LCD1602模块

orangepi使用Python控制GPIO 驱动LCD1602模块

前言

之前已经给orangepi安装好了系统，wiring 库也已经安装完成，接下来就用python写个程序，控制GPIO来驱动LCD1602模块，显示orangepi的系统信息吧

一、接线准备

1602共有16个引脚
通常模块需要8条数据线来提供0-7 Bits的数据。幸运的是，该模块可以设置为“4 Bits”模式，允许我们以4 Bits的两个小块来发送数据。这个特性太有用了，因为它可以减少LCD 1602与树莓派交互时的GPIO接口数量。以下是如何连接LCD和树莓派的接口信息：

注意：如不按照此表格连接，则程序也需要做相应的变更

LCD 引脚号	LCD引脚定义	OrangePi 物理引脚号
01	GND	6
02	+5V	4
03	对比度	21
04	RS	3
05	RW	5
06	E	7
07	D0
08	D1
09	D2
10	D3
11	D4	11
12	D5	13
13	D6	15
14	D7	19
15	背光+5V	25
16	背光GND	2

二、python代码

先上代码：

vim show_info_1602.py

#!/usr/bin/python3
#import
import OPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
import socket
import fcntl
import struct
# Define GPIO to LCD mapping
LCD_RS = 3
LCD_RW = 5      # 1:read 0:write
LCD_E  = 7
LCD_D4 = 11
LCD_D5 = 13
LCD_D6 = 15
LCD_D7 = 19 

LCD_RAT = 21     # 1:low 0: high

# Define some device constants
LCD_WIDTH = 16    # Maximum characters per line
LCD_CHR = True
LCD_CMD = False

LCD_LINE_1 = 0x80 # LCD RAM address for the 1st line
LCD_LINE_2 = 0xC0 # LCD RAM address for the 2nd line

# Timing constants
#E_PULSE = 0.0005
#E_DELAY = 0.0005
E_PULSE = 0.001
E_DELAY = 0.001

def get_host_ip():
    try:
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        s.connect(('8.8.8.8',80))
        ip = s.getsockname()[0]
    finally:
        s.close()
    return ip

def get_ip_address(ifname):
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
    return socket.inet_ntoa(fcntl.ioctl(
            s.fileno(),
            0x8915,  # SIOCGIFADDR
            struct.pack('256s', bytes(ifname[:15],'utf-8'))     #python3
            #struct.pack('256s', ifname[:15])                   #python2
    )[20:24])
    
def main():
    print ("start")
    #Main program block
    GPIO.setwarnings(False)
    #GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)       # Use BCM GPIO numbers
    GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)       # Use BCM GPIO numbers
    GPIO.setup(LCD_E, GPIO.OUT)  # E
    GPIO.setup(LCD_RS, GPIO.OUT) # RS
    GPIO.setup(LCD_D4, GPIO.OUT) # DB4
    GPIO.setup(LCD_D5, GPIO.OUT) # DB5
    GPIO.setup(LCD_D6, GPIO.OUT) # DB6
    GPIO.setup(LCD_D7, GPIO.OUT) # DB7
    GPIO.setup(LCD_RAT, GPIO.OUT) # DB6
    GPIO.setup(LCD_RW, GPIO.OUT) # DB7

    time.sleep(1)

    GPIO.output(LCD_RAT, True)
    GPIO.output(LCD_RW, True)
    time.sleep(E_PULSE)
    GPIO.output(LCD_RAT, False)
    GPIO.output(LCD_RW, False)
    time.sleep(E_DELAY)

    # Initialise display
    lcd_init()
    ip1 = get_ip_address('wlan0')
    ip2 = get_ip_address('eth0')
    count = 0;
    while True:
        lcd_string("wlan0:",LCD_LINE_1)
        lcd_string(ip1,LCD_LINE_2)
        time.sleep(2)
        lcd_string("eth0:",LCD_LINE_1)
        lcd_string(ip2,LCD_LINE_2)
        time.sleep(2)
        count += 1
        if count == 10:
            lcd_clr()
            get_ip(ip1,ip2)
            count = 0
            
def lcd_clr():
    lcd_byte(0x01,LCD_CMD)
    lcd_byte(0x06,LCD_CMD)
    time.sleep(1)
    
def get_ip(ip1,ip2):
    ip1 = get_ip_address('wlan0')
    ip2 = get_ip_address('eth0')

def lcd_init():
    #Initialise display
    lcd_byte(0x33,LCD_CMD) # 110011 Initialise
    lcd_byte(0x32,LCD_CMD) # 110010 Initialise
    lcd_byte(0x06,LCD_CMD) # 000110 Cursor move direction
    lcd_byte(0x0C,LCD_CMD) # 001100 Display On,Cursor Off, Blink Off
    lcd_byte(0x28,LCD_CMD) # 101000 Data length, number of lines, font size
    lcd_byte(0x01,LCD_CMD) # 000001 Clear display
    time.sleep(E_DELAY)

def lcd_byte(bits, mode):
    # Send byte to data pins
    # bits = data
    # mode = True  for character
    #        False for command
    #  print (LCD_RS)
    #  print (mode)
    GPIO.output(LCD_RS, mode) # RS

    # High bits
    GPIO.output(LCD_D4, False)
    GPIO.output(LCD_D5, False)
    GPIO.output(LCD_D6, False)
    GPIO.output(LCD_D7, False)
    if bits&0x10==0x10:
        GPIO.output(LCD_D4, True)
    if bits&0x20==0x20:
        GPIO.output(LCD_D5, True)
    if bits&0x40==0x40:
        GPIO.output(LCD_D6, True)
    if bits&0x80==0x80:
        GPIO.output(LCD_D7, True)

    # Toggle 'Enable' pin
    lcd_toggle_enable()

    # Low bits
    GPIO.output(LCD_D4, False)
    GPIO.output(LCD_D5, False)
    GPIO.output(LCD_D6, False)
    GPIO.output(LCD_D7, False)
    if bits&0x01==0x01:
        GPIO.output(LCD_D4, True)
    if bits&0x02==0x02:
        GPIO.output(LCD_D5, True)
    if bits&0x04==0x04:
        GPIO.output(LCD_D6, True)
    if bits&0x08==0x08:
        GPIO.output(LCD_D7, True)

    # Toggle 'Enable' pin
    lcd_toggle_enable()

def lcd_toggle_enable():
    #Toggle enable
    time.sleep(E_DELAY)
    GPIO.output(LCD_E, True)
    time.sleep(E_PULSE)
    GPIO.output(LCD_E, False)
    time.sleep(E_DELAY)

def lcd_string(message,line):
    # Send string to display
    message = message.ljust(LCD_WIDTH," ")
    lcd_byte(line, LCD_CMD)
    for i in range(LCD_WIDTH):
        lcd_byte(ord(message[i]),LCD_CHR)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        main()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass
    finally:
        lcd_byte(1, LCD_CMD)
        lcd_string("Goodbye!",LCD_LINE_1)
        GPIO.cleanup()

执行python代码：

python3 show_info_1602.py

即可看到 LCD 滚动显示出香橙派的eth0以及wlan0的信息
需要注意的是：如果你的香橙派没有连接wlan或者wlan网卡名称不是wlan0，那就需要对程序做一点小改动，否则或发生错误无法运行

1. 如果未连接wlan，则可以选择给香橙派连接wifi，或者在程序里将以下几行前面加#号注释掉或者删除

ip1 = get_ip_address('wlan0')

lcd_string("wlan0:",LCD_LINE_1)
lcd_string(ip1,LCD_LINE_2)
time.sleep(2)

2. 如果无线网卡名称不是wlan0，而是wlan5或者其他，则需要把以下代码中的 “wlan0” 改成对应的名称即可

ip1 = get_ip_address('wlan0')

lcd_string("wlan0:",LCD_LINE_1)