简单应用最后一问答案（python历年真题）

村长选举

'''
#L2-007-村长选举
#使用字典和列表型变量完成村长选举。某村有40名有选举权和被选举权的村民，名单在附件name.txt中，从这40名村民中选出一人当村长，40人的投票信息由附
#件vote.txt中给出，每行是一张选票的信息，有效票中得票最多的村民当选。
#问题一：请从vote.txt 中筛选出无效票写入文件vote1.txt 。有效票的含义是：选票中只有一个名字且该名字在name.txt文件列表中，不是有效票的票称之为无效
#票。
'''
f = open("name.txt", encoding="utf-8")
names = f.readlines()
f.close()
f = open("vote.txt", encoding="utf-8")
votes = f.readlines()
f.close()
D = {}
NUM = 0
print(votes)
for vote in votes:
    num = len(vote.split())  # 分解成列表，并求列表长度（元素个数）
    if num == 1 and vote in names:  # 仅一个且在姓名中，有效
        D[vote[:-1]] = D.get(vote[:-1], 0) + 1
        NUM += 1
    else:
        with open("vote1.txt", "a+", encoding="utf-8") as fi:
            fi.write("{}".format(vote))  # 如果无效，保存到vote1文件内

'''
#L2-007-村长选举
#使用字典和列表型变量完成村长选举。某村有40名有选举权和被选举权的村民，名单在附件name.txt中，从这40名村民中选出一人当村长，40人的投票信息由附
#件vote.txt中给出，每行是一张选票的信息，有效票中得票最多的村民当选。
#问题一：请从vote.txt 中筛选出无效票写入文件vote1.txt 。有效票的含义是：选票中只有一个名字且该名字在name.txt文件列表中，不是有效票的票称之为无效
#票。
#问题二：给出当选村长的名字及其得票数。
#'''

f = open("name.txt", encoding="utf-8")
names = f.readlines()
f.close()
f = open("vote.txt", encoding="utf-8")
votes = f.readlines()
f.close()
D = {}
NUM = 0
for vote in votes:
    num = len(vote.split())  # 分解成列表，并求列表长度（元素个数）
    if num == 1 and vote in names:  # 仅一个且在姓名中，有效
        D[vote[:-1]] = D.get(vote[:-1], 0)+1
        NUM += 1

l = list(D.items())
l.sort(key=lambda s: s[1], reverse=True)
name = l[0][0]
score = l[0][1]
print("有效票数为：{} 当选村民为:{}，票数为：{}".format(NUM, name, score))

高校分类

txt = input("请输入类型序列：")
t = txt.split()
d = {}
for c in range(len(t)):
    d[t[c]] = d.get(t[c], 0)+1
    ls = list(d.items())
ls.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for k in ls:
    print("{}:{}".format(k[0], k[1]))

学生就业

names = input("请输入各个同学行业名称，行业名称之间用空格间隔（回车结束输入）：")
t = names.split()
d = {}
for c in range(len(t)):
    d[t[c]]= d.get(t[c],0)+1
ls = list(d.items())
ls.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True) # 按照数量排序
for k in range(len(ls)):
    zy,num = ls[k]
    print("{}:{}".format(zy,num))

年龄统计

data = input()  # 输入“姓名 年龄 性别”
s = 0
n = 0
i = 0
while data:
    i = i+1
    ls = data.split()
    s = s+int(ls[1])
    if ls[2] == '男':
        n = n+1
    data = input()
s = s/i

print("平均年龄是{:.2f} 男性人数是{}".format(s, n)) 

获取输入

while True:
    s = input("请输入不带数字的文本:")
    i = 0
    for p in s:
        if "0" <= p <= "9":
            i = i+1
    if i == 0:
        break
print(len(s))

小明考试

data = input()
d = {}
while data:
    t = data.split()
    d[t[0]] = int(t[1])
    data = input()

ls = list(d.items())
ls.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
s1, g1 = ls[0]
s2, g2 = ls[len(ls) - 1]

sum = 0
for i in d.values():
    sum = sum + int(i)
    
avg = sum/len(ls)

print("最高分课程是{}{}, 最低分课程是{}{}, 平均分是{:.2f}".format(s1, g1, s2, g2, avg))

明星投票

data = input()
d = {}
while data:
    t = data.split()
    d[t[0]] = int(t[1])
    data = input()

ls = list(d.items())
ls.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
s1, g1 = ls[0]
s2, g2 = ls[len(ls) - 1]

sum = 0
for i in d.values():
    sum = sum + int(i)
    
avg = sum/len(ls)

print("最高分课程是{}{}, 最低分课程是{}{}, 平均分是{:.2f}".format(s1, g1, s2, g2, avg))

f = open("vote.txt",encoding="utf-8")
names = f.readlines()
f.close()
D = {}
for name in names:
    if len(name.split())==1:
        D[name[:-1]]=D.get(name[:-1],0) + 1
l = list(D.items())
l.sort(key=lambda s:s[1],reverse=True)
name = l[0][0]
score = l[0][1]
print("最具人气明星为:{},票数为:{}".format(name, score))

计算向量

ls = [111, 222, 333, 444, 555, 666, 777, 888, 999]
lt = [999, 777, 555, 333, 111, 888, 666, 444, 222]
s = 0
for i in range(len(ls)):
    s+=ls[i]*lt[i]
print(s)

字符查找

import random
random.seed(2)

pdict= {'Alice':['123456789'],
        'Bob':['234567891'],
        'Lily':['345678912'],
        'Jane':['456789123']}

name = input('请输入一个人名:')
if name in pdict:
    print("{} {} {}".format(name,pdict.get(name)[0],random.randint(1000,9999)))
else:
    print("对不起，您输入的用户信息不存在。")

一维列表

img = [0.244, 0.832, 0.903, 0.145, 0.26, 0.452]
filter = [0.1, 0.8, 0.1]
res = []
for i in range(len(img) - 2):
    k = 0  # 有多个和，所以每次赋初始值0
    for j in range(3):  # 求3次累计和
        k += filter[j] * img[i + j]  # 求3次累计和
        print('k={:.3f} ,filter[{}]={:.3f},img[{}+{}]={:.3f}'.format(k, j, filter[j], i, j, img[i + j]))
    res.append(k)
for r in res:
    print('{:.3f}'.format(r), end=' ')

全国大学排名

f = open('data.txt', 'r')  # 读取文本
unis = {"美国": [], "英国": [], "瑞士": [], "新加坡": [], "中国": []}  # 创建字典
for line in f:  # 遍历文本
    if line == "\n":  # 如果文本是空行就跳过
        continue
    else:
        text = line.split(",")  # 用逗号分割文本
        text[2] = text[2].replace("\n", "")  # 替换国家文本尾部换行符号
        unis[text[2]].append(text[1])  # 将学校名称添加到字典值的列表中
f.close()
for d in unis:
    print('{:>4}: {:>4} : {}'.format(d, len(unis[d]), ",".join(unis[d])))  # 遍历字典，格式化输出内容

操作时间问题

sumtime = 0
percls = []
ts = {}
with open('out.txt', 'r') as f:
    for line in f:
        percls.append(line.strip('\n').split(","))

n=[x[1] for x in percls]
for i in range(len(n)):
    sumtime+=eval(n[i])

ts={x[0]:x[2] for x in percls}

print('the total execute time is ', sumtime)

tns = list(ts.items())
tns.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(3):
    print('the top {} percentage time is {}, spent in "{}" operation'.format(i, tns[i][1],tns[i][0]))