Cark变换的恒幅值与恒功率形式推导

Cark变换的恒幅值与恒功率形式推导

1- 对ABC坐标系的认识

向量幅值

$Va=Vm\ast cos(wt)$
$Vb=Vm\ast cos(wt-120°)$
$Vc=Vm\ast cos(wt+120°)$

任意时刻，幅值满足：$Va+Vb+Vc=0$

合成向量
相位上，以a轴作为参考，则b轴超前a轴120°，c轴滞后a轴120°

$$\begin{gathered} \overrightarrow{V_a}=Va\ast e^{j0°} \\ \overrightarrow{V_b}=Vb\ast e^{j120°} \\ \overrightarrow{V_c}=Vc\ast e^{-j120°} \end{gathered}$$

合成向量 $\overrightarrow{V_{\delta }}=\overrightarrow{Va}+\overrightarrow{Vb}+\overrightarrow{Vc}$, 即有
$$\begin{array}{rl}\overrightarrow{V_{\delta }}& =\overrightarrow{Va}+\overrightarrow{Vb}+\overrightarrow{Vc}\\ & =Va\ast e^{j0°}+Vb\ast e^{j120°}+Vc\ast e^{-j120°}\\ & =Vm\ast cos(wt)+Vm\ast cos(wt-120°)\ast (cos120°+j\ast sin120°）+Vm\ast cos(wt+120°)\ast (cos120°-j\ast sin120°)\\ & =\frac{3}{2}Vm\ast cos(wt)+j(\frac{3}{2}Vm\ast sin(wt))\\ & =\frac{3}{2}Vm\ast e^{jwt}\end{array}$$
由此，合成向量$\overrightarrow{V_{\delta }}$的幅值为$\frac{3}{2}Vm$

2-基本Clark变换

由α-β坐标系与abc坐标系的位置关系

得到
$V\alpha =Va-Vb\ast cos60°-Vc\ast cos60°$
$V\beta =Vb\ast cos30°-Vc\ast cos30°$

化简
$V\alpha =Va-\frac{1}{2}Vb-\frac{1}{2}Vc$
$V\beta =\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}Vb-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}Vc$

矩阵形式
$$\left[\begin{array}{c}V\alpha \\ V\beta \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& -\frac{1}{2}& -\frac{1}{2}\\ 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}& -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{array}\right]\ast \left[\begin{array}{c}Va\\ Vb\\ Vc\end{array}\right]$$

3-恒幅值Clark变换

我们希望合成向量$\overrightarrow{V_{\delta }}$的幅值仍为Vm，而
$$\begin{array}{rl}\overrightarrow{V_{\delta }}& =\overrightarrow{Va}+\overrightarrow{Vb}+\overrightarrow{Vc}\\ & =\frac{3}{2}Vm\ast e^{jwt}\end{array}$$
所以在变换矩阵前乘以$\frac{2}{3}$即可满足恒幅值变换的要求，那么恒幅值变换矩阵即为
$$Ma=\frac{2}{3}\ast \left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& -\frac{1}{2}& -\frac{1}{2}\\ 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}& -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{array}\right]$$

4-恒功率Clark变换

由变换前后瞬时功率恒等可得：
$\left[\begin{array}{cc}V\alpha & V\beta \end{array}\right]\ast \left[\begin{array}{c}I\alpha \\ I\beta \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}Va& Vb& Vc\end{array}\right]\ast \left[\begin{array}{c}Ia\\ Ib\\ Ic\end{array}\right]$
令Mp为恒功率变换矩阵，则有

$\left[\begin{array}{c}V\alpha \\ V\beta \end{array}\right]=Mp\ast \left[\begin{array}{c}Va\\ Vb\\ Vc\end{array}\right]，\left[\begin{array}{c}I\alpha \\ I\beta \end{array}\right]=Mp\ast \left[\begin{array}{c}Ia\\ Ib\\ Ic\end{array}\right]$

而 [ V α V β ] = [ V α V β ] T = { M p ∗ [ V a V b V c ] } T \begin{bmatrix}Vα&Vβ\end{bmatrix}={\begin{bmatrix}Vα\\Vβ\end{bmatrix}}^T=\{Mp* \begin{bmatrix}Va\\Vb\\Vc\end{bmatrix}\}^T [Vα​Vβ​]=[VαVβ​]T={Mp∗ ​VaVbVc​ ​}T，则有

[ V α V β ] ∗ [ I α I β ] = { M p ∗ [ V a V b V c ] } T ∗ M p ∗ [ I a I b I c ] = [ V a V b V c ] ∗ M p T ∗ M p ∗ [ I a I b I c ] = [ V a V b V c ] ∗ [ I a I b I c ] \begin{split} \begin{bmatrix}Vα&Vβ\end{bmatrix}*\begin{bmatrix}Iα\\Iβ\end{bmatrix} &= \{Mp* \begin{bmatrix}Va\\Vb\\Vc\end{bmatrix}\}^T*Mp*\begin{bmatrix}Ia\\Ib\\Ic\end{bmatrix}\\ &=\begin{bmatrix}Va&Vb&Vc\end{bmatrix}*{Mp}^T*Mp*\begin{bmatrix}Ia\\Ib\\Ic\end{bmatrix}\\ &=\begin{bmatrix}Va&Vb&Vc\end{bmatrix}*\begin{bmatrix}Ia\\Ib\\Ic\end{bmatrix} \end{split} [Vα​Vβ​]∗[IαIβ​]​={Mp∗ ​VaVbVc​ ​}T∗Mp∗ ​IaIbIc​ ​=[Va​Vb​Vc​]∗MpT∗Mp∗ ​IaIbIc​ ​=[Va​Vb​Vc​]∗ ​IaIbIc​ ​​

由此知：${Mp}^T\ast Mp=E$

令 $Mt=k1\ast \left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& -\frac{1}{2}& -\frac{1}{2}\\ 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}& -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\\ k2& k2& k2\end{array}\right]$，则有 ${Mt}^T\ast Mt=E$

即：${k1}^2\ast \left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& 0& k2\\ -\frac{1}{2}& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}& k2\\ -\frac{1}{2}& -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}& k2\end{array}\right]\ast \left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& -\frac{1}{2}& -\frac{1}{2}\\ 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}& -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\\ k2& k2& k2\end{array}\right]=E$

得：$k1=\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}$, $k2=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}$

那么恒功率变换矩阵
$$Mp=\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\ast \left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& -\frac{1}{2}& -\frac{1}{2}\\ 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}& -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{array}\right]$$