C++设计模式（一）—简单工厂模式

本人最近在学习大话设计模式，书中的代码是C#语言，本人根据C#语言改成C++来学习。代码存在的不足或问题有望各位指出。

简单工厂模式

本文主要简单的介绍一下简单工厂模式，代码实例使用书中计算器控制台应用程序。

（1）菜鸟的编程方式：

  #include <iostream>
  #include <exception>
  #include <string>
  using namespace std;
  class Operation{
  public:
    double getResult(double num1, double num2, char sign)
    {
        double result;
        switch (sign)
        {
        case '+':
            result = num1 + num2;
            break;
        case '-':
            result = num1 - num2;
            break;
        case '*':
            result = num1 * num2;
            break;
        case '/':
        {
            if (num2 == 0)
                throw exception("分母不能为零");
            result = num1 / num2;
            break;
        }

        }

        return result;

    }
  };



  int main()
  {
    try{
        double num1;
        cout << "请输入数字A：" << endl;
        cin >> num1;
        char sign;
        cout << "请选择运算符号（+、-、*、/）：" << endl;
        cin >> sign;
        double num2;
        cout << "请输入数字B: " << endl;
        cin >> num2;
        Operation oper;
        double result = oper.getResult(num1, num2, sign);
        cout << "结果是：" << result << endl;

    } catch (exception &e)
    {
        cout << "您的输入有误：" << e.what() << endl;

    }

    return 0;

  }

设计模式目的是使代码变得可维护，可复用，可扩展；通过封装、继承、多态把程序的耦合度降低，使得程序更加的灵活。

（2）简单工厂模式

//此方法将numA 和numB声明为protected类型

#include <iostream>
#include <exception>
using namespace std;
class Operation
{
public:
    Operation() = default;
    virtual ~Operation(){}
    Operation(double numA, double numB)
    {
        this->numA = numA;
        this->numB = numB;

    }
    virtual double getResult()   //虚函数
    {
        double result = 0;
        return result;
    }

protected:
    double numA = 0;
    double numB = 0;
};


class OperationAdd : public Operation
{
public:
    OperationAdd(double numA, double numB)
    {
        this->numA = numA;
        this->numB = numB;
    }
    double getResult() override
    {
        double result = 0;
        result = numA + numB;
        return result;

    }
};

class OperationSub : public Operation
{
public:
    OperationSub(double numA, double numB)
    {
        this->numA = numA;
        this->numB = numB;
    }
    double getResult() override
    {
        double result = 0;
        result = numA - numB;
        return result;
    }

};

class OperationMul : public Operation
{
public:
    OperationMul(double numA, double numB)
    {
        this->numA = numA;
        this->numB = numB;
    }
    double getResult() override
    {
        double result = 0;
        result = numA * numB;
        return result;
    }

};

class OperationDiv : public Operation
{
public:
    OperationDiv(double numA, double numB)
    {
        this->numA = numA;
        this->numB = numB;
    }
    double getResult() override
    {
        double result = 0;
        if (numB == 0)
            throw exception("分母不为零");
        result = numA /numB;
        return result;
    }

};


class OperationFactory
{
public:
    static Operation *createOperate(char operate, double numA, double numB)
    {
        Operation *oper = nullptr;
        switch (operate)
        {
        case '+':
            oper = new OperationAdd(numA,numB);
            break;
        case '-':
            oper = new OperationSub(numA,numB);
            break;
        case '*':
            oper = new OperationMul(numA,numB);
            break;
        case '/':
            oper = new OperationDiv(numA,numB);
            break;
        }
        return oper;
    }
};

int main()
{
    try{

        OperationFactory operFact;
        Operation *oper = nullptr;
        double numA, numB;
        cout << "请输入数字A：" << endl;
        cin >> numA;
        char sign;
        cout << "请选择运算符号（+、-、*、/）：" << endl;
        cin >> sign;
        cout << "请输入数字B: " << endl;
        cin >> numB;

        oper = operFact.createOperate(sign,numA,numB);
        double result = oper->getResult();
        cout << "结果是：" << result << endl;
        delete Oper;

    }
    catch (exception &e)
    {
        cout << "您的输入有误：" << e.what() << endl;

    }
    return 0;
}

简单工厂类[createOperate()]->运算类[加法类，减法类，乘法类，除法类]