English语法_定语从句 - 小细节

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1> 名词后面修饰语

• 1> 关系代词引导的定语从句；
• 2> 分词短语；
• 3> 介词短语；
• 4> 形容词短语；
• 5> to不定式（带助动词语气）；

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1.1> running over there

I know the boy who is running over there.
I know the boy running over there.
我认识正在那里跑步的男生。

• a flying bird ， 现在分词作形容词；
• a bird flying in the sky, 短语性的放名词后面；

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1.2> painted by my daughter

That is picture which was painted by my daughter.
That is a picture painted by my daughter.
那一幅是我女儿的画作。

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1.3> on the desk

The notebook which is on the desk is mine.
The notebook on the desk is mine.
在桌上的笔记本是我的。

• on the desk：介词短语作形容词；

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1.4> in a white dress

The girl who wore a white dress is very beautiful.
The girl wearing a white dress is very beautiful.
The girl in a white dress is very beautiful.
那位穿白衣服的女孩非常美丽。

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1.5> full of people

The bus which was full of people was out of control.
The bus full of people was out of control.
那辆挤满人的公交车失控了。

• full of people： 2个以上单词的短语，摆名词后面；

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1.6> to sit on

I need a chair which I can sit on.
I need a chair to sit on.
我需要一把椅子坐。

• sit 不及物动词，需要介词on；

• I need a chair.

• I can sit on a chair.

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2> 介词 + 关系代词

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2.1> in which my mother was born

This is 【the house】.
My mother was born in 【the house】.

This is the house which my mother was born in.
This is the house in which my mother was born.
这个就是我母亲出生的房子。

This is the house in which my mother was born.
（此时which 不可省略，不能用that，in that指原因，避免误解）

• which 是in的宾语；

• What year were you born in?

• In what year were you born?

• 介词后面要有名词，或代词，作宾语；

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2.2> on which I am sitting

This chair is made of wood.
I am sitting on the chair.

This chair which I am sitting on is made of wood.
This chair on which I am sitting is made of wood.
我正坐着的这把椅子是木头做的。