C++ STL源码分析——iterator分类

【侯捷-SL体系结构内核分析-iterator】

目录：
iterator需要遵循的原则
iterator的‘萃取机’
iterator的分类
iterator_tag 的继承关系
iterator_tag对 algorithm的影响

iterator需要遵循的原则

先来看一段代码，目的是移动 iterator 若干距离：

template<class _Iter>
	using _Iter_cat_t = typename iterator_traits<_Iter>::iterator_category;
	
template<class _InIt,
	class _Diff>
	_CONSTEXPR17 void advance(_InIt& _Where, _Diff _Off)
	{
   	// increment iterator by offset, arbitrary iterators
		// we remove_const_t before _Iter_cat_t for better diagnostics if the user passes an iterator that is const
	_Advance1(_Where, _Off, _Iter_cat_t<remove_const_t<_InIt>>());
	}

template<class _RanIt,
	class _Diff>
	_CONSTEXPR17 void _Advance1(_RanIt& _Where, _Diff _Off, random_access_iterator_tag)
	{
   	// increment iterator by offset, random-access iterators
	_Where += _Off;
	}

template<class _BidIt,
	class _Diff>
	_CONSTEXPR17 void _Advance1(_BidIt& _Where, _Diff _Off, bidirectional_iterator_tag)
	{
   	// increment iterator by offset, bidirectional iterators
	for (; 0 < _Off; --_Off)
		{
   
		++_Where;
		}

	// the following warning is triggered if _Diff is unsigned
#pragma warning(suppress: 6294)	// Ill-defined for-loop: initial condition does not satisfy test.
								// Loop body not executed.
	for (; _Off < 0; ++_Off)
		{
   
		--_Where;
		}
	}

template<class _InIt,
	class _Diff>
	_CONSTEXPR17 void _Advance1(_InIt& _Where, _Diff _Off, input_iterator_tag)
	{
   	// increment iterator by offset, input iterators
	_STL_ASSERT(_Off