《Head First 设计模式》C++实现【观察者模式(Observer Pattern)】

摘要

《Head First 设计模式》书中第2章——观察者模式(Observer Pattern)的C++代码实现。
观察者模式(Observer Pattern)：类似于订阅报纸。定义对象间的一种一对多的依赖关系，以便当一个对象的状态发生改变时，所有依赖于它的对象都得到通知并自动刷新。

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实现代码

// 《Head First 设计模式》C++实现【观察者模式(Observer Pattern)】
// 定义对象间的一种一对多的依赖关系，以便当一个对象的状态发生改变时，所有依赖于它的对象都得到通知并自动刷新。
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
using namespace std;

//接口
class Observer
{
public:
	virtual void update(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) = 0;
};
class DisplayElement
{
public:
	virtual void display() = 0;
};

class Subject
{
public:
	virtual void RegisterObserver(Observer *p_observer) = 0;
	virtual void RemoveObserver(Observer *p_observer) = 0;
	virtual void NotifiyObserver() = 0;
};

//对象
class WeatherDate : public Subject
{
private:
	set<Observer *> observers;
	float temperature;
	float humidity;
	float pressure;
public:
	WeatherDate()
	{
	//TODO:
	}
	void RegisterObserver(Observer *p_observer)
	{
		//if 不存在该observer则添加
		observers.insert(p_observer);
	}
	void RemoveObserver(Observer *p_observer)
	{
		//删除observer
		observers.erase(p_observer);
	}
	void NotifiyObserver()
	{
		//遍历所有observer的update
		set<Observer *>::iterator it;
		for (it = observers.begin(); it != observers.end(); ++it)
		{
			(*it)->update(temperature, humidity, pressure);
		}
	}

	void GetTemperature();
	void GetHumidity();
	void GetPressure();
	void MeasurementsChanged()
	{
		NotifiyObserver();
	}
	void SetMeasurements(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure)
	{
		this->temperature = temperature;
		this->humidity = humidity;
		this->pressure = pressure;
		MeasurementsChanged();
	}

};

class CurrentConditionsDisplay : public Observer, public DisplayElement
{
private:
	WeatherDate *p_weather_data;
	float temperature;
	float humidity;
	float pressure;
public:
	CurrentConditionsDisplay(WeatherDate *p_weather_data)
	{
		this->p_weather_data = p_weather_data;
		//订阅
		this->p_weather_data->RegisterObserver(this);
	}
	~CurrentConditionsDisplay()
	{
		//取消订阅
		this->p_weather_data->RemoveObserver(this);
	}
	
	void update(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure)
	{
		this->temperature = temperature;
		this->humidity = humidity;
		this->pressure = pressure;
		display();
	}

	void display()
	{
		printf("CurrentConditionsDisplay -> temperature:%.2f, humidity:%.2f, pressure:%.2f \n", temperature, humidity, pressure);
	}
};
class StatisticsDisplay : public Observer, public DisplayElement
{
private:
	WeatherDate *p_weather_data;
	float temperature;
	float humidity;
	float pressure;
public:
	StatisticsDisplay(WeatherDate *p_weather_data)
	{
		this->p_weather_data = p_weather_data;
		//订阅
		this->p_weather_data->RegisterObserver(this);
	}
	~StatisticsDisplay()
	{
		//取消订阅
		this->p_weather_data->RemoveObserver(this);
	}

	void update(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure)
	{
		this->temperature = temperature;
		this->humidity = humidity;
		this->pressure = pressure;
		display();
	}

	void display()
	{
		printf("StatisticsDisplay -> temperature:%.2f, humidity:%.2f, pressure:%.2f \n", temperature, humidity, pressure);
	}
};

int main()
{
	WeatherDate *p_weather_data = new WeatherDate();
	CurrentConditionsDisplay *p_current_display = new CurrentConditionsDisplay(p_weather_data);
	StatisticsDisplay *p_statistics_display = new StatisticsDisplay(p_weather_data);

	p_weather_data->SetMeasurements(80, 65, 30.4f);
	p_weather_data->SetMeasurements(81, 72, 32.4f);
	p_current_display->~CurrentConditionsDisplay();//取消订阅
	p_weather_data->SetMeasurements(79.5, 68, 34.2f);

	return 0;
}

相关/参考链接