【opencv 官方教程】翻译1 基本安装使用 编译工程 读取、显示、保存图片

由于毕设，需要opencv，又没能看到比较合适的教程，所以这里自己进行部分翻译。

我的操作系统：ubuntu16.04，没有使用集成IDE。

官方最新教程 3.2.0-dev

中文资料网站：

前面其实有编辑过一份翻译，但是又长又不好看，所以决定以要点方式进行总结性翻译，每篇翻译包含以下内容：

本篇总标题

官方原始链接

小节标题1

官方原始链接

小节内容

小节标题2

官方原始链接

小节内容

。。。

下面开始第一部分

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

基本安装使用

• Introduction to OpenCV

  You will learn how to setup OpenCV on your computer!

linux下安装

• Installation in Linux

  Compatibility: > OpenCV 2.0

  Author: Ana Huamán

  We will learn how to setup OpenCV in your computer!

所需包

• GCC 4.4.x or later
• CMake 2.8.7 or higher
• Git
• GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)
• pkg-config
• Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)
• ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev
• [optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
• [optional] libdc1394 2.x
• [optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev
• [optional] CUDA Toolkit 6.5 or higher

安装命令

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential

[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev

[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

下载源码

cd ~/<my_working_directory>

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git

mkdir

cd ~/opencv

mkdir build

cd build

configuration

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

build&install

make -j7 # runs 7 jobs in parallel
sudo make install

通过gcc、CMake使用OpenCV

• Using OpenCV with gcc and CMake

  Compatibility: > OpenCV 2.0

  Author: Ana Huamán

  We will learn how to compile your first project using gcc and CMake

创建程序

//DisplayImage.cpp
#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv )
{
    if ( argc != 2 )
    {
        printf("usage: DisplayImage.out <Image_Path>\n");
        return -1;
    }
    Mat image;
    image = imread( argv[1], 1 );
    if ( !image.data )
    {
        printf("No image data \n");
        return -1;
    }
    namedWindow("Display Image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
    imshow("Display Image", image);
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

创建CMake配置

// CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
project( DisplayImage )
find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED )
include_directories( ${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
add_executable( DisplayImage DisplayImage.cpp )
target_link_libraries( DisplayImage ${OpenCV_LIBS} )

编译

cd <DisplayImage_directory>
cmake .
make

效果

./DisplayImage lena.jpg

注，lena那张图片的位置：$OPENCV_HOME/samples/data/

读取展示图片

• Load and Display an Image

  Compatibility: > OpenCV 2.0

  Author: Ana Huamán

  We will learn how to display an image using OpenCV

源码

Download the source code from here.

#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
    String imageName( "../data/HappyFish.jpg" ); // by default
    if( argc > 1)
    {
        imageName = argv[1];
    }
    Mat image;
    image = imread( imageName, IMREAD_COLOR ); // Read the file
    if( image.empty() )                      // Check for invalid input
    {
        cout <<  "Could not open or find the image" << std::endl ;
        return -1;
    }
    namedWindow( "Display window", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE ); // Create a window for display.
    imshow( "Display window", image );                // Show our image inside it.
    waitKey(0); // Wait for a keystroke in the window
    return 0;
}

要点

• Load an image (using cv::imread ) 读取图片
  
• Create a named OpenCV window (using cv::namedWindow ) 创建窗口
  
• Display an image in an OpenCV window (using cv::imshow ) 通过窗口显示图片

修改和保存图片

• Load, Modify, and Save an Image

  Compatibility: > OpenCV 2.0

  Author: Ana Huamán

  We will learn how to save an Image in OpenCV...plus a small conversion to grayscale

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
 char* imageName = argv[1];
 Mat image;
 image = imread( imageName, 1 );
 if( argc != 2 || !image.data )
 {
   printf( " No image data \n " );
   return -1;
 }
 Mat gray_image;
 cvtColor( image, gray_image, COLOR_BGR2GRAY );
 imwrite( "../../images/Gray_Image.jpg", gray_image );
 namedWindow( imageName, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
 namedWindow( "Gray image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
 imshow( imageName, image );
 imshow( "Gray image", gray_image );
 waitKey(0);
 return 0;
}

要点：

• Transform an image from BGR to Grayscale format by using cv::cvtColor 转换BGR格式为灰度格式
  
• Save your transformed image in a file on disk (using cv::imwrite ) 保存图片

使用依赖管理器

• Using OpenCV with biicode dependency manager

  Compatibility: > OpenCV 2.4

  Author: biicode

  We will learn how to setup and use OpenCV in Mac OS X, Linux and Windows

 据说是能写一个代码，用这个工具直接安装OpenCV并配置工程。

 本人已测，在能从github上clone的情况下仍然无法安装。（我没有用梯子）