UDP socket编程: C++发送 | C#接收

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经常用UDP发送结构体数据，这里还是记录一下。

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C++ 端发送

在头文件中封装数据

#pragma once

struct Coor {
    int x;
    int y;
};

struct Ball{
    int id;
    Coor center;
    Coor up;
    Coor bottom;
    Coor left;
    Coor right;
};

const int MAX_NUMS = 10;

struct DataFrame
{
    int num;
    Ball balls[MAX_NUMS];
};

extern void UDP_init();
extern void UDP_send(DataFrame& data);
extern void UDP_close();

C文件

#include "udp.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <Winsock2.h>


#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") 

using namespace std;

static SOCKET sender;
static sockaddr_in receiver;
static char* sendData = nullptr;
const int UDP_FRAME_LENGTH = sizeof(DataFrame);

char ip[] = "127.0.0.1";
int port = 9000;

void UDP_init() {
    try {
        // 初始化Socket
        if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &WSADATA()) != 0)
        {
            cout << "Initiates windows socket failed!" << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
        sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
        receiver.sin_family = AF_INET;
        receiver.sin_port = htons(port);
        receiver.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(ip);
        const int UDP_FRAME_LENGTH = sizeof(DataFrame);
    }
    catch (...) {}
}

void UDP_send(DataFrame& data) {
    try {
        sendData = (char*)&data;
        sendto(sender, sendData, UDP_FRAME_LENGTH, 0, (sockaddr*)&receiver, sizeof(receiver));
    }
    catch (...) {}
}

void UDP_close() {
    closesocket(sender);
}

错误处理

error C4996: 'inet_addr': Use inet_pton() or InetPton() instead or define _WINSOCK_D
修改VS配置，告诉它我就要旧函数：

1. 修改方法：项目 -> 属性 -> C/C++ ->常规->SDL检查，将“是”改为“否”，即可。
2. 文件的属性页 -> “预处理器” -> 将“_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS”加上

C# 端接收

简易显示

接收代码

其中关键点：结构体定义、bytes数组转结构体

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace UDP
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;  // 关闭跨线程检查
            UDP_start();
            tbox_display.AppendText("UDP Start!\r\n");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// UDP 启动，绑定端口9000
        /// </summary>
        void UDP_start()
        {
            Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
            IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
            IPEndPoint port = new IPEndPoint(ip, 9000);
            socket.Bind(port);

            Thread th = new Thread(receive);
            th.IsBackground = true;
            th.Start(socket);
        }

        public struct Coor
        {
            public int x;
            public int y;
        }

        public struct Ball
        {
            public int id;
            public Coor center;
            public Coor up;
            public Coor bottom;
            public Coor left;
            public Coor right;
        }

        public struct Data
        {
            public int num;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = MAX_NUMS)]
            public Ball[] balls;
        };

        const int MAX_NUMS = 10;
        public Data data;

        void receive(object o)
        {
            Socket socket = o as Socket;
            while (true)
            {
                EndPoint remote_port = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
                byte[] buffer = new byte[Marshal.SizeOf(data)];
                int len = socket.ReceiveFrom(buffer, ref remote_port);
                if (len != buffer.Length)  // 滤过错误格式的数据帧
                {
                    string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, len);
                    tbox_display.AppendText(remote_port.ToString() + ":" + msg + "\r\n");
                    continue;
                }
                data = (Data)ByteToStruct(buffer, typeof(Data));
                display();   
            }
        }

        public static object ByteToStruct(byte[] bytes, Type type)
        {
            int size = Marshal.SizeOf(new Data());
            IntPtr structPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size);
            Marshal.Copy(bytes, 0, structPtr, size);
            object obj = Marshal.PtrToStructure(structPtr, type);
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(structPtr);
            return obj;
        }

        void display()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < data.num; i++)
            {
                Ball b = data.balls[i];
                tbox_display.AppendText(b.id.ToString() + ":"
                    + String.Format("({0},{1})", b.center.x, b.center.y) + ","
                    + String.Format("({0},{1})", b.up.x, b.up.y) + ","
                    + String.Format("({0},{1})", b.bottom.x, b.bottom.y) + ","
                    + String.Format("({0},{1})", b.left.x, b.left.y) + ","
                    + String.Format("({0},{1})", b.right.x, b.right.y) + "\r\n"
                    );
            }
        }
    }
}

C#端发送

如果用C#端进行数据发送，则需要将结构体数据转换为byte数组，代码如下：

int size = Marshal.SizeOf(data);
byte[] bytes = new byte[size];
IntPtr structPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size);
Marshal.StructureToPtr(data, structPtr, false);
Marshal.Copy(structPtr, bytes, 0, size);
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(structPtr); 

其中的结构体定义和上面一致，然后进行发送即可。具体UDP发送代码可以参考 上一篇：

socket.SendTo(bytes, remote_port);

跨平台的C++端UDP

头文件

#pragma once
#include <vector>

const int MAX_LEN=10;

namespace udp {
    struct DataFrame {
        int num;
        int labels[MAX_LEN];
    };
    const int UDP_FRAME_LENGTH = sizeof(udp::DataFrame);

    void open();
    void send(DataFrame &data);
    void receive();
    void stop();
}

C文件

#include "udp.h"
#include <string>

#ifdef __linux__

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#define SOCKET int

#else
#include <winsock2.h>
#endif

using namespace std;

static SOCKET sender;  // local
static sockaddr_in receiver; // remote
static char *sendData = nullptr;

int remote_port = 9000;
static string remote_ip = "127.0.0.1";  //NOLINT

void udp::open() {
    try {
#ifdef __WIN32
        if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &WSADATA()) != 0)
        {
            cout << "Initiates windows socket failed!" << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
#elif __linux__
#endif
        sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
        receiver.sin_family = AF_INET;
        receiver.sin_port = htons(remote_port);
        receiver.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(remote_ip.c_str());
    }
    catch (...) {}
}


void udp::send(DataFrame &data) {
    try {
        sendData = (char *) &data;
        sendto(sender, sendData, UDP_FRAME_LENGTH, 0, (sockaddr *) &receiver, sizeof(receiver));
    }
    catch (...) {}
}

void udp::receive() {

}

void udp::stop() {
#ifdef __WIN32
    closesoceket(sender);
     WSACleanup();
#elif __linux__
    close(sender);
#endif
}