OpenGL学习笔记之纹理贴图

unsigned int m_texture[10];   // 纹理
 
AUX_RGBImageRec* LoadBMP(char *Filename)          // 载入位图图象
{
  FILE *File=NULL;                  // 文件句柄

  if (!Filename)                   // 确保文件名已提供。
  {
     return NULL;                 // 如果没提供，返回 NULL
  }
  File=fopen(Filename,"r");              // 尝试打开文件
  if (File)                      // 文件存在么？
  {
     fclose(File);                  // 关闭句柄
     return auxDIBImageLoadA(Filename);        // 载入位图并返回指针
  }
  return NULL;                    // 如果载入失败，返回 NULL
}
 
int LoadGLTextures ( char* filename, unsigned int idx )
{
    int status = FALSE;         // 状态指示器
    AUX_RGBImageRec* textureImage[1];     // 创建纹理的存储空间
    memset( textureImage, 0, sizeof(void*)*1 );   // 将指针设为 NULL
    // 载入位图，检查有无错误，如果位图没找到则退出
    if ( textureImage[0] = LoadBMP( filename ) )
    {
        status = TRUE;         // 将 Status 设为 TRUE
        glGenTextures( 1, &m_texture[idx] );            // 创建纹理
        // 使用来自位图数据生成 的典型纹理
        glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_texture[idx] );
        glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB,textureImage[0]->sizeX, textureImage[0]->sizeY,
            0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, textureImage[0]->data );
        glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT );
        glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT );
        glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST );
        glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST );
    }
    if ( textureImage[0] )// 纹理是否存在
    {
        if ( textureImage[0]->data )// 纹理图像是否存在
        {

	    free( textureImage[0]->data );// 释放纹理图像占用的内存

	}
        free( textureImage[0] ); // 释放图像结构
    }
    return status;
}
void OnInitialUpdate()
{
 CView::OnInitialUpdate();
 if ( FALSE == LoadGLTextures("D:\\data\\ex.bmp", 0))
        AfxMessageBox( "无法加载纹理ex.bmp" );
    glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_texture[0] );
}
 
From MSDN (and presumably the OpenGL 1.1 Man pages) under glBegin()/glEnd()
quote:
You can use only a subset of OpenGL functions between glBegin and glEnd. The functions you can use are:
glVertex
glColor
glIndex
glNormal
glTexCoord
glEvalCoord
glEvalPoint
glMaterial
glEdgeFlag
From the glBindTexture page in the error codes section:
GL_INVALID_OPERATION glBindTexture was called between a call to glBegin and the corresponding call to glEnd.
所以，在RenderScene（）中，我们应该这样写：
 
 
void CSampleView::RenderScene ()
{
    glPushMatrix();
    {
  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_texture[0]);          // 选择纹理
        // 绘制物体
  glBegin(GL_QUADS);
    // 前面
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的左下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的右下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);   // 纹理和四边形的右上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);   // 纹理和四边形的左上
  glEnd();
  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_texture[1]);
  glBegin(GL_QUADS);
     // 后面
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); // 纹理和四边形的右下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的右上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的左上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); // 纹理和四边形的左下
  glEnd();
  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_texture[2]);
  glBegin(GL_QUADS);
     // 顶面
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的左上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);   // 纹理和四边形的左下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);   // 纹理和四边形的右下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的右上
     // 底面
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); // 纹理和四边形的右上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); // 纹理和四边形的左上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的左下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的右下
  glEnd();
  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_texture[3]);
  glBegin(GL_QUADS);
     // 右面
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); // 纹理和四边形的右下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的右上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);   // 纹理和四边形的左上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的左下
     // 左面
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); // 纹理和四边形的左下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的右下
    glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);   // 纹理和四边形的右上
    glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);  // 纹理和四边形的左上
  glEnd();
    }
    glPopMatrix();
}

上面的立方体可以用下面的方法优化一下：
typedef struct
{
float p1[3], p2[3], p3[3], p4[3];
}face;
// face id "[6]" and xyz "[3]"
typedef struct {
face faces[6];
}cube = {...}; // put vert data here

for(int i=1;i<6;i  )
{
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,...);
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glVertex3fv(&cube.faces.p1);
glVertex3fv(&cube.faces[i].p2);
glVertex3fv(&cube.faces[i].p3);
glVertex3fv(&cube.faces[i].p4);
glEnd();
}