开根号

1.牛顿迭代法

double sqrt(double x) {
    if (x == 0) return 0;
    double last = 0.0;
    double res = 1.0;
    while (res != last)
    {
        last = res;
        res = (res + x / res) / 2;
    }
    return res;
}

2.快速开根算法，卡马克算法，精度不是很高

float SqrtByCarmack( float number )
{
    int i;
    float x2, y;
    const float threehalfs = 1.5F;

    x2 = number * 0.5F;
    y  = number;
    i  = * ( int * ) &y;
    i  = 0x5f375a86 - ( i >> 1 );
    y  = * ( float * ) &i;
    y  = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
    y  = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
    y  = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
    return number*y;
}