2023年4月 00015 英语（二）

2023年4月 00015 英语（二）

选择题部分

注意事项:

每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

第一部分:阅读判断(第1~10题，每题1分，共10分)

下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A:如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B:如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Why Dogs Bury Their Favorite Bones

You may find it crazy that your dog buries his favorite bone or chew toy, only to dig it up a day or two later, but there is actually a reason behind it——it is simply in their nature. For thousands of years, dogs have buried their bones. The practice itself started long before dogs were even pets when they had to bury bones to survive.

When dogs lived in the wild, sometimes food was scarce. If they were able to find food,dogs became very protective of it, Sometimes they would have more bones than they could eat for one meal. To keep other dogs and animals from stealing their bones, dogs would bury them in the ground. When it was time for the next meal, they would dig up their bones and enjoy them again. This would continue until the bones were gone.

Even though most dogs have plenty of food to eat today, their instincts still tell them to bury their bones and favorite toys. They do this to keep other dogs and animals from stealing them, just like their ancestors did. Some dogs keep at least two bones buried at once. When they want to dig up one, they wil bury one more. This may leave a backyard full of holes and bones.

How do dogs decide where to bury their bones? A dog cannot bury a bone just anywhere.He must first find the perfect spot. This involves using his nose to find a spot that is free from other dogs and animals. Often it is near a tree or a large rock, but it could be anywhere in the yard. Once the dog finds the perfect spot, he uses his front paws to dig a hole, drops the bone in and covers up the hole to protect his treasure.

1 Dogs bury their favorite bones or chew toys by nature.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：A

解析：根据第一段“You may find it crazy that your dog buries his favorite boneor chewtoy, only to dig it up a day or two later, but there is actually a

reasonbehind it——it is simply in theirnature.”可知，狗狗会把自己喜欢的骨头或咀嚼玩具埋起来是因为天性，因此说法正确，答案选 A。

2 Dogs started to bury their bones when they became pets.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：B

解析：根据第一段“For thousands of years, dogs have buried their bones. The

practiceitself started long before dogs were even pets when they had to burybones tosurvive.”可知狗狗在成为宠物前就已经会埋骨头，这是他们生存的技巧。因此说法错误，答案选 B。

3 Dogs in the wild occasionally had enough food.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：A

解析：根据第二段“ If they were able to find food,dogs became very protectiveof it.Sometimes they would have more bones than they could eat for onemeal. （如果它们能找到食物，狗就会非常保护它。有时它们的骨头多得一顿吃不完。）”可知野外的狗有时会有足够的食物。因此说法正确，答案选 A。

4 Dogs would bury their extra food for their babies.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：C

解析：文中未提及狗宝宝，答案选 C。

5 Animals would start a fierce fight over food in ancient times

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：C

解析：文中没有提到动物为争夺食物而展开激烈争斗，答案选 C。

6 Some dogs tend to store up more than one bone at the same time.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：A

解析：根据第三段“ Some dogs keep at least two bones buried atonce.”可知，有些狗一次至少要埋两根骨头。说法正确，答案选 A。

7 The backyard of a dog owner may be full of holes dug by his dog.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given 答案：A

解析：根据第三段“This may leave a backyard full of holes andbones.”可知，狗主人的后院可能满是他的狗挖的洞。说法正确，答案选 A。

8 Dogs often bury their bones far away from trees.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：B

解析：根据最后一段“Often it is near a tree or a large rock, but it could beanywhere inthe yard. ”可知，狗埋骨头的地方通常在一棵树或一块大石头附近，但也可能在院子里的任何地方。题目说法错误，答案选 B。

9 Dogs use their paws to find spots for burying bones.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：B

解析：根据最后一段“ He must first find the perfect spot. This involves usinghis nose tofind a spot that is free from other dogs andanimals.”可知，狗是用鼻子去找到一个没有其他狗和动物的地方作为自己埋骨头的洞。狗找到了地点后用爪子挖洞。题目说法错误，答案选 B。

10 Dogs bury more bones than chew toys.

A: True

B: False

C: Not Given

答案：C

解析：文中没有提及狗埋骨头多还是咀嚼玩具多，答案选 C。

第二部分:阅读选择(第11~15题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。

Public Wi-Fi Users Neglect Safety

A recent survey shows that 25% of Internet users have done online banking through public Wi-Fi in the last three months. It also shows that 27% have bought a product or service with a credit card this way.

Experts worry that hackers (黑客) wil take advantage of these practices. Doug Shadel said that hackers usually attack in two ways. They may create Wi-Fi hotspots that have the same name of the ones you trust, such as a hotel or a coffee shop. They may also provide a stronger Wi-Fi signal to get between you and the safe hotspot. In either case, the hackers can see your email, credit card information, user names and passwords.

Sometimes hackers just set up their electronic traps near a business where people enjoy the free Wi-Fi. "In most cases they are after your personal information," Shadel said. "If you use the same user name and password for many accounts, they can get into them all. It's possible for any hacker to do it. The software to hack into a Wi-Fi network is available at little or no cost."

"It's difficult for people to know if a Wi-Fi network is safe," Shadel said. "So you should just think they are not. Any shared Internet access, free or paid, carries the same level of risk.It is safe only when you or someone you trust directly controls it."

Shadel sometimes checks email through public Wi-Fi. But he never does any banking that way. In an unfamiliar place, he uses a Virtual Private Network (VPN). “This service creates a passage between your device and a safe place on the Internet," he said.

11 A recent surveyfinds that 25% of Internet users use public Wi-Fi to ().

A: do banking

B: buy things

C: provide service

D: play cards

答案：A

解析：根据第一段“A recent survey shows that 25% of Internet users have doneonlinebanking through public Wi-Fi in the last threemonths.”可知，最近的一项调查发现，25%的互联网用户使用公共 Wi-Fi 办理银行业务，答案选A。

12 The phrase "take advantage of" (Para. 2) can best be replaced by "()".

A: adjust to

B: benefit from

C: lead to

D: result from

答案：B

解析：根据第二段“Experts worry that hackers (黑客) wil take advantage of these practices.”可知，专家担心黑客会利用这些做法。“take advantage of”可以替换成“benefitfrom”，指的是专家担心黑客会从这些做法中获益。答案选B。

13 According to Shadel, any hacker can ()

A: create different passwords

B: open an electronic account

C: steal people's information

D: write software for businesses

答案：C

解析：根据第三段的描述可知，如果你在多个账户上使用相同的用户名和密码，黑客就能进入所有账户，这是任何黑客都有可能做到的，他们是为了获得你的个人信息。答案选C。

14 For the sake ofsafety, Internet users are advised to ().

A: test shared Internet access

B: rely on paid Internet access

C: look for free Internet access

D: avoid shared Internet access

答案：D

解析：根据第四段“ So you should just think they are not. Any shared Internetaccess, freeor paid, carries the same level of risk. It is safe only when youor someoneyou trust directly controlsit."可知，任何共享的互联网接入都有同样程度的风险。因此互联网用户应该避免共享的互联网接入。答案选 D。

15 Shadel uses public Wi-Fi to ().

A: learn about VPN

B: deal with his emails

C: keep his account safe

D: handle financial matters

答案：B

解析：根据最后一段“Shadel sometimes checks email through public Wi-Fi.”可知，Shadel 有时会用公共 WiFi 查看电子邮件。答案选 B。

第三部分:概括段落大意和补全句子(第16~25题，每题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务:(1)从第16~20题后所给的6个选项中为第❶~❺段每段选择1个正确的段落大意;(2)从第 21~25 题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

I Use Every Second Before I Go to Work

① I wake up at 6 a.m. every day. The first thing I do when I wake up is grab my smartphone and take it to the bathroom with me, where I start my day by consuming quite a lot of information. I go to some websites, but the main site that I focus on during this time is Nuzzel, a collector of headlines and links. I recommend everyone look into it if they feel they don't have time to properly focus on every website individually.

②After visiting those sites, I head to Twitter, my No.1 outlet for communication with the public. Twitter is becoming a listening platform. There is such a volume of information on the platform that you need pay attention to. So I spend a great amount of my morning responding to people and starting conversations.

③After all this comes my workout (锻炼) with my trainer. I usually work out for about 45 minutes. The specific workout routine varies depending on the day of the week, what I ate,and how much I've been traveling.

④After the workout, I head back home to get my children ready for school. I say bye to them and give them each a kiss before they leave. Then, I'm off to my office, often before 9 a.m.

⑤In the car to my office, I call my mom, dad or sister. I talk to them just to learn what they're up to. I really value those small moments. By the time I step into my office, so much is going through my head. My day starts the minute I open my eyes.

Task 1

16.Paragraph ①:

17.Paragraph ②:

18.Paragraph ③:

19.Paragraph ④:

20.Paragraph ⑤:

A.I do some morning exercise.

B.I phone my parents or sister.

C.I prepare my kids for school.

D.Icommunicate with others online.

E.I help my kids with their homework.

F.I visit websites to get information

答案：16.F 17.D 18.A 19.C 20.B

解析：16、【F】根据“The first thing I do when I wake up is grab my smartphoneand take itto the bathroom with me, where I start my day by consuming quite alot ofinformation. I go to some websites……”可知该段主要写自己访问网站获取信息。答案选 F。 17、【D】根据“ So I spend a great amount of my morning responding to people andstarting conversations.”可知该段主要写自己在网上和别人交流。答案选 D。 18、【A】根据“After all this comes my workout (锻炼) withmytrainer.”可知该段主要写自己做一些早晨的锻炼。答案选 A。19、【C】根据“After the workout, I head back home to get my children ready forschool.”可知该段主要写自己帮孩子们准备上学。答案选 C。 20、【B】根据“In the car to myoffice, I call my mom, dad or sister.”可知该段主要写自己给父母或妹妹打电话。答案选 B。

Task 2

21.Nuzzelhelps me ().

22.On Twitter I am able ().

23.There are several factors that ().

24.Before my kids go to school, I ().

25.I call my parents ().

选项

A.to listen to others

B.step into my office

C.kiss them goodbye

D.affect my workout routine

E.to learn how they are doing

F.to surf the Internet efficiently

答案：21.F 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.E 解析：21、【F】由“Nuzzel”定位到第一段“I go to some websites, but the mainsite that I focus onduring this time is Nuzzel, a collector of headlines andlinks. I recommendeveryone look into it if they feel they don't have time toproperly focus onevery websiteindividually.（我访问了一些网站，但这段时间我关注的主要网站是 Nuzzel，一个收集标题和链接的网站。我建议每个人都去看看，如果他们觉得自己没有时间单独关注每个网站的话。）”。可知 Nuzzel 网站可以帮助作者更有效率的上网收集信息。答案选 F。 22、【A】由“Twitter”定位到第二段“After visiting those sites, I head to Twitter, my No.1outlet for communication withthe public. Twitter is becoming a listeningplatform.（访问完这些网站后，我会去Twitter，这是我与公众沟通的首选渠道。Twitter 正在成为一个倾听平台。）”。可知作者可以通过 Twitter 与大众沟通，倾听大家的意见。答案选 A。 23、【D】“There areseveral factors that…”指的是影响因素，可猜测与文中第三段提到的“The specificworkout routine varies depending on the day of the week, what I ate,and howmuch I've been traveling.（具体的锻炼计划取决于一周中的哪一天，我吃了什么，以及我旅行了多长时间。）”有关。可知答案与 workoutroutine 有关。答案选D。 24、【C】由“kids”定位到第四段的“children”，根据“I say bye to themand give them each a kissbefore they leave. （我对他们说再见，在他们离开之前给他们每个人一个吻。）”可知答案选 C。 25、【E】由“parents”定位到最后一段“Inthe car to my office, I call my mom, dad or sister.I talk to them just to learn what they're up to.（在去办公室的车里，我打电话给我的妈妈、爸爸或妹妹。我和他们交谈只是为了了解他们在做什么。）”，可知答案选 E。

第四部分:填句补文(第26~30题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Banning Mobile Phones at School

It is a question that keeps some parents awake at night. Should children be allowed to take mobile phones to school? (26) For parents who want their children to do well at school, it is no.

Banning mobile phones at school is effective. According to a UK study, after schools banned mobile phones, the test scores of students improved by 6.4%. The findings will influence the debate about children and mobile phones. In the UK, more than 90% of teenagers own a mobile phone; in the US, 75% have one. The popular mobile phone is a problem in the eye of teachers. (27) In a 2001 survey, no school banned mobiles. By 2007, this had risen to 50%. By 2012, 98% of schools had taken action. Some did not allow phones. The others required them to be handed in at the beginning of the day.

(28) New York City has lifted a 10-year ban on phones at school. It says that lifting the ban will promote equality. "This view is wrong," the researchers of the UK study write."We found that the ban led to improvements in test scores among students. Low-achieving students gained the most. (29) Allowing phones into schools will harm the lowest-achieving students the most."

The UK study was carried out at Birmingham, London, Leicester and Manchester schools before and after bans were introduced. “Technology is commonly viewed as increasing efficiency," the researchers write. "Modern technology is used in the classroom to improve student performance. (30) Some students will pay no attention to their class."

A.They are worried about the trend. B.The mobile phone is a good example. C.However, there are potential problems. D.Now researchers say that they have an answer. E.Therefore, lifting the ban may in fact lead to the opposite. F.However, some schools are starting to allow limited use of mobile phones.

答案：26.D 27.A 28.F 29.E 30.C

解析：26、【D】根据空格前后文的意思“Should children be allowed to take mobilephones to school?____ For parents who want their children to do well at school,it isno.（孩子应该被允许带手机去学校吗?____对于希望孩子在学校取得好成绩的父母来说，这是不可能的。）”可知选择 D 选项最合适，意思是“Nowresearchers say thatthey have an answer.（现在研究人员说他们找到了答案。）”。27、【A】根据空格前文的意思“In the UK, more than 90% of teenagers own a mobile phone; inthe US,75% have one. The popular mobile phone is a problem in the eye ofteachers.____（在英国，超过 90%的青少年拥有手机；在美国，75%的人有一个。在教师眼中，手机的普及是一个问题。____）”可知选择 A 选项最合适，意思是“Theyare worried about thetrend.（他们对这种趋势感到担忧。）”。“they”指的是教师，“the trend”指的是手机的普及。 28、【F】根据空格后文的意思“_____ New York City has lifted a 10-year ban on phones atschool. （_____纽约市解除了在学校不能使用手机的十年禁令。）”可知选择 F 选项最合适，意思是“However, some schools arestarting to allow limited use of mobile phones.（然而，一些学校开始允许有限度地使用手机。）”。 29、【E】根据空格前后文的意思“We found that the ban led to improvements in test scoresamong students. Low-achieving students gained themost. _____ Allowing phonesinto schools will harm the lowest-achieving students themost.（我们发现这项禁令提高了学生的考试成绩。成绩差的学生收获最多。_____允许手机进入学校对成绩最差的学生伤害最大。）”可知选择E 选项最合适，意思是“Therefore,lifting the ban may in fact lead to the opposite.（因此，解除禁令实际上可能导致相反的结果。）”。 30、【C】根据空格前后文的意思“Moderntechnology is used in the classroom to improve studentperformance. _____ Somestudents will pay no attention to theirclass.（现代科技在课堂上被用来提高学生的表现。_____有些学生会不注意上课。）”可知选项 C 最适合，意思是“However, there arepotential problems.（然而，也有潜在的问题。）”。

第五部分:填词补文(第31~40题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有 10处空白，短文后列出 12个词，其中 10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌,并在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Failing Forward

There are several key abilities that allow successful people to fail forward instead of taking each setback personally. First, successful people don't blame themselves when they fail. They take (31) for each setback, but they don't take the failure personally. Second,successful people don't (32) themselves by individual failures. They (33) that each setback is a small (34) of the whole.Third, achievers are (35) to vary their approaches to problems. That's important in every walk of life. If one (36) doesn't work for you, if it brings repeated failures, (37) try something else. To fail forward, you must do what works for you, not (38) what works for other people. Finally, successful people are (39). They don't let one error keep them down.They learn from their mistakes and (40) on.

A.lucky                            E.necessarily                            I.approach B.move                            F.part                                  J.recognize C.responsibility                    G.tough                                K.easily D.then                            H.willing                                L.define

答案：31.C 32.L 33.J 34.F 35.H 36.I 37.D 38.E 39.G 40.B

解析：31、【C】“take responsibility for”意思是“对……负责”，该空填“responsibility”。 32、【L】该空填动词，根据意思选择“define（定义）”最合适。完整句子的意思是“Second，successful people don'tdefine themselves by individual failures.（第二，成功人士不会以个人的失败来定义自己。）”。33、【J】该空填动词，根据意思判断选择“recognize（意识到）”最为恰当。34、【F】“a small part of the whole”意思是“整体的一小部分”。该空选择“part”。35、【H】该空填形容词，根据下文意思，成功者会灵活的选择解决事情的方法，则选填“willing”最恰当，“be willing todo”意思是“乐意做某事”。36、【I】该空填名词，根据上下文意思选择“approach（方法）”。 37、【D】“If one approach doesn't work for you, if it brings repeated failures,____ try somethingelse.（如果一种方法不适合你，如果它会带来反复的失败，____尝试其他的方法。）”，“then”意思是“接下来，然后”，根据句子意思判断选择“then”。38、【E】该句子想表达的意思是“要想从失败中前进，你必须做适合自己的事情，而不一定是适合其他人的事情”。空格处需要填写一个副词，表示“不一定”。根据句意和语法，可以选择填写“necessarily”。 39、【G】根据后文“They don't let one error keep them down.（他们不会因为一个错误就气馁。）”可知该空填“tough”，意思是“坚强的”。40、【B】“move on”意思是“继续前进”。该空选填“move”。

非选择题部分

注意事项:

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。

第六部分:完形补文(第41~50题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有 10 处空白，每处空自后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。

Achieving Success in a Presentation

The success of a presentation (present) is leaving your audience with something of value. What do they get from (41) (spend) time listening to your presentation? Many people think that they need to be brilliant to present well. They think that they need to be smart, witty and (42) (charm) before they start to write a speech. Those qualities can come (43) (natural), but most often, they come as a result of the passion and knowledge of the (44)(speak).

One of the vital factors in having an (45) (effect) presentation is serving the needs of your audience. Caring for your audience's needs (46) (require) no perfection. You can make (47) (mistake) and it's going to be OK. The (48) (equip) can fail and it's still going to be OK. You don't have to use humor to be a (49) (win). With that in mind, the real point is more like being successful at (50) (reach) your audience.

答案：41.spending 42.charming 43.naturally 44.speaker 45.effective 46.requires 47.mistakes 48\. equipment 49.winner 50.reaching

解析：41、【spending】这道题考察的是动词-ing 形式作介词 from 的宾语。从句子结构可以看出，空格处需要填入一个动词的-ing 形式，根据句意，我们可以确定答案为spending。 42、【charming】根据前面“smart（聪明的）”、“witty（风趣的）”，可推断这个空填形容词。“charming”的意思是“富有魅力的”。43、【naturally】该空在动词“come”后面，则填入副词“naturally（天生地）”。44、【speaker】该空填名词，文章指的是“演讲者”，则填入名词“speaker（演讲者）”。45、【effective】该空修饰名词“presentation（演讲）”，填入形容词“effective（有效的）”。 46、【requires】句子的主语是“Caring for your audience'sneeds”，是单数形式，因此动词需要用第三人称单数形式。句子的谓语动词是“require”，需要用现在时态。因此，正确答案是“requires”。 47、【mistakes】句子中的空格需要填入名词，根据句子的语境，应该填入“mistake”的复数形式。因此，正确答案是“mistakes”。 48、【equipment】句子中的空格需要填入名词，根据句子的语境，应该填入“equipment”的单数形式。因此，正确答案是“equipment”。49、【winner】该空应该填入名词，文章意思是表达“胜利者”，则填入名词“winner（胜利者）”。50、【reaching】句子中的空格需要填入动词，at 是介词，后面接的动词应为-ing 形式，应该填入“reaching”。

第七部分:短文写作(第51题，30分)

请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100词左右的英文写作任务。将你的答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。

假设你刚找到一份满意的工作。请给你的美国朋友 Tom 写一封英文电子邮件，分享你的喜悦，内容包括： 你找了一份什么工作 你为什么喜欢这份工作 请以Li Ke署名。

参考答案：

Dear Tom,

     I hope this email finds you well. I just wanted to share some exciting news with you. I recently found a job that I'm really happy about and wanted to tell you all about it.

     I like to be a teacher. Three reasons have led me to choose this job. First, teaching is learning. To make my lectures more helpful and interesting, I have to read more books, learn new knowledge and gain a better understanding of the world, which is the very thing I enjoy in my life. Second, teaching means freedom and independence. As a teacher, I’ m free to use my own ideas and make my own decisions. Finally, I like teaching because it offers certain peace of mind.

    All in all, the reasons above make me like teaching best.

    Anyway, I just wanted to share my good news with you. Hope you're doing well!

                                                                                                     Yours

                                                                                                     Li Ke