30 UVM Adder Testbench Example

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已于 2024-01-02 10:08:00 修改

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分类专栏： UVM 文章标签： vlsiverify_uvm

于 2024-01-01 22:30:38 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/bonnie_89/article/details/135330068

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这篇文章详细介绍了如何在UVM(UniversalVerificationMethodology)环境下设计一个简单的加法器，包括模块划分（如driver,monitor,sequencer,scoreboard和agent），以及如何编写测试代码以生成激励、监控和验证加法器的行为，确保其正确性。

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1 Adder Design

加法器设计在时钟的上升沿产生两个变量的加法。复位信号用于clear out信号。
注：加法器可以很容易地用组合逻辑开发。引入时钟和重置，使其具有测试台代码中时钟和重置的样子/风格。

module adder(input clk, reset, input [7:0] in1, in2, output reg [8:0] out);
  always@(posedge clk or posedge reset) begin 
    if(reset) out <= 0;
    else out <= in1 + in2;
  end
endmodule

2 Testbench Code

2.1 Sequence Item

sequence item类包含必要的激励产生数据成员。

class seq_item extends uvm_sequence_item;
  rand bit [7:0] ip1, ip2;
  bit [8:0] out;
  
  function new(string name = "seq_item");
    super.new(name);
  endfunction
  
  `uvm_object_utils_begin(seq_item)
    `uvm_field_int(ip1,UVM_ALL_ON)
    `uvm_field_int(ip2,UVM_ALL_ON)
  `uvm_object_utils_end
  
  constraint ip_c {ip1 < 100; ip2 < 100;}
endclass

2.2 Sequence

sequence创建激励并通过sequencer驱动到driver。

class base_seq extends uvm_sequence#(seq_item);
  seq_item req;
  `uvm_object_utils(base_seq)
  
  function new (string name = "base_seq");
    super.new(name);
  endfunction

  task body();
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "Base seq: Inside Body", UVM_LOW);
    `uvm_do(req);
  endtask
endclass

2.3 Sequencer

sequencer是在sequence和driver之间建立连接的中介。

class seqcr extends uvm_sequencer#(seq_item);
  `uvm_component_utils(seqcr)
  
  function new(string name = "seqcr", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
  endfunction
  
  function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
  endfunction
endclass

2.4 Driver

driver驱动随机后的事务transactions或者sequence item给pin-level接口的DUT。

class driver extends uvm_driver#(seq_item);
  virtual add_if vif;
  `uvm_component_utils(driver)
  
  function new(string name = "driver", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
  endfunction
  
  function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
    if(!uvm_config_db#(virtual add_if) :: get(this, "", "vif", vif))
      `uvm_fatal(get_type_name(), "Not set at top level");
  endfunction
  
  task run_phase (uvm_phase phase);
    forever begin
      // Driver to the DUT
      seq_item_port.get_next_item(req);
      `uvm_info(get_type_name, $sformatf("ip1 = %0d, ip2 = %0d", req.ip1, req.ip2), UVM_LOW);
      vif.ip1 <= req.ip1;
      vif.ip2 <= req.ip2;
      seq_item_port.item_done();
    end
  endtask

2.5 Monitor

UVM monitor是一个passive component，用于使用虚拟接口捕获DUT信号并将其转换为序列项sequence item格式。

class monitor extends uvm_monitor;
  virtual add_if vif;
  uvm_analysis_port #(seq_item) item_collect_port;
  seq_item mon_item;
  `uvm_component_utils(monitor)
  
  function new(string name = "monitor", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
    item_collect_port = new("item_collect_port", this);
    mon_item = new();
  endfunction
  
  function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
    if(!uvm_config_db#(virtual add_if) :: get(this, "", "vif", vif))
      `uvm_fatal(get_type_name(), "Not set at top level");
  endfunction
  
  task run_phase (uvm_phase phase);
    forever begin
      wait(!vif.reset);
      @(posedge vif.clk);
      mon_item.ip1 = vif.ip1;
      mon_item.ip2 = vif.ip2;
      `uvm_info(get_type_name, $sformatf("ip1 = %0d, ip2 = %0d", mon_item.ip1, mon_item.ip2), UVM_HIGH);
      @(posedge vif.clk);
      mon_item.out = vif.out;
      item_collect_port.write(mon_item);
    end
  endtask
endclass

2.6 Agent

agent是包含并连接driver，monitor和sequencer实例的容器。

class agent extends uvm_agent;
  `uvm_component_utils(agent)
  driver drv;
  seqcr seqr;
  monitor mon;
  
  function new(string name = "agent", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
  endfunction
  
  function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
    
    if(get_is_active == UVM_ACTIVE) begin 
      drv = driver::type_id::create("drv", this);
      seqr = seqcr::type_id::create("seqr", this);
    end
    
    mon = monitor::type_id::create("mon", this);
  endfunction
  
  function void connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    if(get_is_active == UVM_ACTIVE) begin 
      drv.seq_item_port.connect(seqr.seq_item_export);
    end
  endfunction
endclass

2.7 Scoreboard

UVM scoreboard是检查DUT功能的组件。它使用analysis port从monitor接收事务以进行检查。

class scoreboard extends uvm_scoreboard;
  uvm_analysis_imp #(seq_item, scoreboard) item_collect_export;
  seq_item item_q[$];
  `uvm_component_utils(scoreboard)
  
  function new(string name = "scoreboard", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
    item_collect_export = new("item_collect_export", this);
  endfunction
  
  function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
  endfunction
  
  function void write(seq_item req);
    item_q.push_back(req);
  endfunction
  
  task run_phase (uvm_phase phase);
    seq_item sb_item;
    forever begin
      wait(item_q.size > 0);
      
      if(item_q.size > 0) begin
        sb_item = item_q.pop_front();
        $display("----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
        if(sb_item.ip1 + sb_item.ip2 == sb_item.out) begin
          `uvm_info(get_type_name, $sformatf("Matched: ip1 = %0d, ip2 = %0d, out = %0d", sb_item.ip1, sb_item.ip2, sb_item.out),UVM_LOW);
        end
        else begin
          `uvm_error(get_name, $sformatf("NOT matched: ip1 = %0d, ip2 = %0d, out = %0d", sb_item.ip1, sb_item.ip2, sb_item.out));
        end
        $display("----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
      end
    end
  endtask
  
endclass

2.8 Environment

env提供了包含agent，scoreboard，和其他验证组件的容器。

class env extends uvm_env;
  `uvm_component_utils(env)
  agent agt;
  scoreboard sb;
 
  function new(string name = "env", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
  endfunction
  
  function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
    agt = agent::type_id::create("agt", this);
    sb = scoreboard::type_id::create("sb", this);
  endfunction
  
  function void connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    agt.mon.item_collect_port.connect(sb.item_collect_export);
  endfunction
endclass

2.9 Test

test位于组件层次顶部。

class base_test extends uvm_test;
  env env_o;
  base_seq bseq;
  `uvm_component_utils(base_test)
  
  function new(string name = "base_test", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
  endfunction
  
  function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
    env_o = env::type_id::create("env_o", this);
  endfunction
  
  task run_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    phase.raise_objection(this);
    bseq = base_seq::type_id::create("bseq");
        
    repeat(10) begin 
      #5; bseq.start(env_o.agt.seqr);
    end
    
    phase.drop_objection(this);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name, "End of testcase", UVM_LOW);
  endtask
endclass

2.10 Testbench Top

testbench是一个静态容器，实例化DUT和接口。

module tb_top;
  bit clk;
  bit reset;
  always #2 clk = ~clk;
  
  initial begin
    //clk = 0;
    reset = 1;
    #5; 
    reset = 0;
  end
  add_if vif(clk, reset);
  
  adder DUT(.clk(vif.clk),.reset(vif.reset),.in1(vif.ip1),.in2(vif.ip2),.out(vif.out));
  
  initial begin
    // set interface in config_db
    uvm_config_db#(virtual add_if)::set(uvm_root::get(), "*", "vif", vif);
  end
  initial begin
    run_test("base_test");
  end
endmodule

2.11 Execute Complete Code

Output：

UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 5: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 5: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 22, ip2 = 14
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO scoreboard.sv(28) @ 10: uvm_test_top.env_o.sb [scoreboard] Matched: ip1 = 22, ip2 = 14, out = 36
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 10: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 10: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 92, ip2 = 70
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 15: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 15: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 4, ip2 = 62
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO scoreboard.sv(28) @ 18: uvm_test_top.env_o.sb [scoreboard] Matched: ip1 = 92, ip2 = 70, out = 162
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 20: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 20: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 57, ip2 = 60
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 25: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 25: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 47, ip2 = 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO scoreboard.sv(28) @ 26: uvm_test_top.env_o.sb [scoreboard] Matched: ip1 = 57, ip2 = 60, out = 117
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 30: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 30: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 74, ip2 = 84
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO scoreboard.sv(28) @ 34: uvm_test_top.env_o.sb [scoreboard] Matched: ip1 = 47, ip2 = 1, out = 48
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 35: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 35: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 42, ip2 = 70
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 40: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 40: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 48, ip2 = 36
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO scoreboard.sv(28) @ 42: uvm_test_top.env_o.sb [scoreboard] Matched: ip1 = 42, ip2 = 70, out = 112
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 45: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 45: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 91, ip2 = 40
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO scoreboard.sv(28) @ 50: uvm_test_top.env_o.sb [scoreboard] Matched: ip1 = 91, ip2 = 40, out = 131
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UVM_INFO base_seq.sv(10) @ 50: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.seqr@@bseq [base_seq] Base seq: Inside Body
UVM_INFO driver.sv(20) @ 50: uvm_test_top.env_o.agt.drv [driver] ip1 = 75, ip2 = 55
UVM_INFO base_test.sv(25) @ 50: uvm_test_top [base_test] End of testcase