-
PS1: 此管理系统没有存储数据的功能,因此后期开发了
基于文件流操作的管理系统:
C++基于多态的职工管理系统 -
PS2: C++完整代码直接跳转 二、总体代码
C++通讯录管理系统设计
一、系统需求
本文主要通过利用C++实现一个通讯录管理系统
系统需要实现的功能如下:
- 添加联系人:向通讯录中添加新人,信息包括(姓名、性别、年龄、电话、家庭住址等),最多添加1000人
- 显示联系人:显示所有联系人信息
- 删除联系人:按照姓名进行删除指定人
- 查找联系人:按照姓名查找联系人
- 修改联系人:按照姓名修改联系人
- 清空联系人:清空通讯簿
- 退出通信录:退出当前通信录
最终效果:
1、菜单设计
步骤:
- 封装函数显示该界面 如 void showMenu()
- 在main函数中调用封装好的函数
//菜单界面
void showMenu()
{
cout << "***************************" << endl;
cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 0、退出通讯簿 *****" << endl;
cout << "***************************" << endl;
}
2、退出功能实现
思路:根据不同用户选择,进入不同得功能,选择switch分支
int main()
{
int select = 0;
while (true)
{
showMenu();
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
case 1: //添加联系人
break;
case 2: //显示联系人
break;
case 3: //删除联系人
break;
case 4: //查找联系人
break;
case 5: //修改联系人
break;
case 6: //清空联系人
break;
case 0: //退出通讯录
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
3、添加联系人
步骤:
- 设计联系人结构体
- 设计通讯录结构体
- main()中创造通讯录结构体
- 封装添加联系人函数
- 测试
//1添加联系人
void addPerson(Book * book)
{
//判断人满了没有
if (book->p_num == PersonMax)
{
cout << "通信录已满,无法添加" << endl;
return;
}
else
{
//显示联系人编号
cout << "正在进行添加联系人操作......" << endl;
cout << "请输入编号 " << book->p_num+1 << " 的信息"<< endl ;
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:";
cin >> name;
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_name = name;
//性别
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别(1----男 2-----女):";
while (true) //如果输入1和2则正确
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_sex = sex;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入性别:";
}
//年龄
int age = 0;
cout << "请输入年龄:";
while (true)
{
cin >> age;
if (age >= 1 && age <= 100)
{
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_age = age;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入年龄:";
}
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入电话:";
while (true)
{
cin >> phone;
if (phone.size() == 11)
{
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_phone = phone;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入电话:";
}
//地址
string adrress;
cout << "请输入地址:";
cin >> adrress;
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_address = adrress;
cout << "添加成功!"<< endl;
book->p_num++;
system("pause");//请按任意键继续
system("cls");//clear
}
}
4、显示联系人
步骤:
- 封装显示联系人函数
- 测试
//2显示联系人
void showPerson(Book * book)
{
//判断是否为0,
if (book->p_num == 0)
{
cout << "当前记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
system("cls");
cout << "通讯录:\n" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < book->p_num; i++)
{
cout << "\t 编号:" << i+1 << "\t";
cout << "姓名:" << book->personArray[i].p_name << "\t";
cout << "性别:" << (book->personArray[i].p_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << book->personArray[i].p_age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << book->personArray[i].p_phone << "\t";
cout << "地址:" << book->personArray[i].p_address << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
5、删除联系人
步骤:
- 封装检测联系人是否存在函数
- 封装删除联系人函数
- 测试
//检测联系人是否存在,存在则返回数组索引,不存在返回-1
int isExit(Book * book, string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < book->p_num; i++)
{
if (book->personArray[i].p_name == name)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
//删除联系人
void deletePerson(Book * book)
{
cout << "请输入删除的联系人:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExit(book, name);
if (ret == -1)
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
system("pause");//请按任意键继续
system("cls");
}
else
{
for (int i = ret; i < book->p_num; i++)
{
book->personArray[i] = book->personArray[i + 1];//bug
}
book->p_num--;
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
6、 查找联系人
步骤:
- 基于之前的检测联系人函数,封装查询联系人函数
- 测试
//查找联系人
void findPerson(Book * book)
{
cout << "请输入查找联系人姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExit(book, name);
if (ret == -1)
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "已查到结果如下:" << endl;
cout << "\t 编号:" << ret + 1 << "\t";
cout << "姓名:" << book->personArray[ret].p_name << "\t";
cout << "性别:" << (book->personArray[ret].p_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << book->personArray[ret].p_age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << book->personArray[ret].p_phone << "\t";
cout << "地址:" << book->personArray[ret].p_address << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
7、修改联系人
- 基于之前的检测联系人函数,封装修改联系人函数
- 测试
//修改联系人信息
void modifyPerson(Book * book)
{
cout << "请输入修改联系人的姓名" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExit(book, name);
if (ret == -1)
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
else
{
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:";
cin >> name;
book->personArray[ret].p_name = name;
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别(1----男 2-----女):";
while (true) //如果输入1和2则正确
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
book->personArray[ret].p_sex = sex;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入性别:";
}
//年龄
int age = 0;
cout << "请输入年龄:";
while (true)
{
cin >> age;
if (age >= 1 && age <= 100)
{
book->personArray[ret].p_age = age;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入年龄:";
}
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入电话:";
while (true)
{
cin >> phone;
if (phone.size() == 11)
{
book->personArray[ret].p_phone = phone;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入电话:";
}
//地址
string adrress;
cout << "请输入地址:";
cin >> adrress;
book->personArray[ret].p_address = adrress;
cout << "修改成功!" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
8、 清空联系人
- 将人数置0,则逻辑上清空
- 测试
//清空联系人
void clearPerson(Book * book)
{
cout << "确定清空吗?输入 Y or N" << endl;
string selection;
cin >> selection;
if (selection == "Y")
{
book->p_num = 0;
cout << "清空成功!" << endl;
}
else if (selection == "N")
{
cout << "取消成功" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "输入非法,返回主界面" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
二、总体代码:可直接在C++环境中运行
/*
显示菜单
1封装函数显示界面 void showMenu()
2main函数中调用封装好的函数
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#define PersonMax 1000 //最大记录人数
//设计联系人结构体
struct Person
{
//姓名
string p_name;
//性别:1男2女
int p_sex;
//年龄
int p_age;
//电话
string p_phone;
//地址
string p_address;
};
//设计通讯录的结构体
struct Book
{
//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
struct Person personArray[PersonMax];//结构体数组,数组的元素 都是 联系人结构体
//通讯录当前的记录人数
int p_num;
};
//菜单界面
void showMenu()
{
cout << "***************************" << endl;
cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" <<endl;
cout << "***** 0、退出通讯簿 *****" << endl;
cout << "***************************" << endl;
}
void addPerson(Book * book);
void showPerson(Book * book);
int isExit(Book * book, string name);
void deletePerson(Book * book);
void modifyPerson(Book * book);
void findPerson(Book * book);
void clearPerson(Book * book);
int main()
{
//创建结构体变量,当前人数为0
Book book;
book.p_num = 0;
int select = 0;//创建用户输入变量 根据选项调用switch函数,只有0退出,其他选项则循环显示界面
while (true)
{
showMenu();
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
case 1:
addPerson(&book);//1、添加联系人 addPerson(book);值传递不改变结构体,故采用地址传递可以修改实参
break;
case 2:
showPerson(&book);// 2、显示联系人
break;
case 3:
deletePerson(&book);//3、删除联系人
break;
case 4: findPerson(&book);//4、查找联系人
break;
case 5:modifyPerson(&book);// 5、修改联系人
break;
case 6: clearPerson(&book);//6、清空联系人
break;
case 0:// 0、退出通讯簿
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
system("pause");//不会一闪而过
return 0;
}
//1添加联系人
void addPerson(Book * book)
{
//判断人满了没有
if (book->p_num == PersonMax)
{
cout << "通信录已满,无法添加" << endl;
return;
}
else
{
//显示联系人编号
cout << "正在进行添加联系人操作......" << endl;
cout << "请输入编号 " << book->p_num+1 << " 的信息"<< endl ;
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:";
cin >> name;
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_name = name;
//性别
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别(1----男 2-----女):";
while (true) //如果输入1和2则正确
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_sex = sex;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入性别:";
}
//年龄
int age = 0;
cout << "请输入年龄:";
while (true)
{
cin >> age;
if (age >= 1 && age <= 100)
{
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_age = age;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入年龄:";
}
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入电话:";
while (true)
{
cin >> phone;
if (phone.size() == 11)
{
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_phone = phone;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入电话:";
}
//地址
string adrress;
cout << "请输入地址:";
cin >> adrress;
book->personArray[book->p_num].p_address = adrress;
cout << "添加成功!"<< endl;
book->p_num++;
system("pause");//请按任意键继续
system("cls");//clear
}
}
//2显示联系人
void showPerson(Book * book)
{
//判断是否为0,
if (book->p_num == 0)
{
cout << "当前记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
system("cls");
cout << "通讯录:\n" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < book->p_num; i++)
{
cout << "\t 编号:" << i+1 << "\t";
cout << "姓名:" << book->personArray[i].p_name << "\t";
cout << "性别:" << (book->personArray[i].p_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << book->personArray[i].p_age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << book->personArray[i].p_phone << "\t";
cout << "地址:" << book->personArray[i].p_address << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//检测联系人是否存在,存在则返回数组索引,不存在返回-1
int isExit(Book * book, string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < book->p_num; i++)
{
if (book->personArray[i].p_name == name)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
//删除联系人
void deletePerson(Book * book)
{
cout << "请输入删除的联系人:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExit(book, name);
if (ret == -1)
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
system("pause");//请按任意键继续
system("cls");
}
else
{
for (int i = ret; i < book->p_num; i++)
{
book->personArray[i] = book->personArray[i + 1];//bug
}
book->p_num--;
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
//查找联系人
void findPerson(Book * book)
{
cout << "请输入查找联系人姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExit(book, name);
if (ret == -1)
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "已查到结果如下:" << endl;
cout << "\t 编号:" << ret + 1 << "\t";
cout << "姓名:" << book->personArray[ret].p_name << "\t";
cout << "性别:" << (book->personArray[ret].p_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << book->personArray[ret].p_age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << book->personArray[ret].p_phone << "\t";
cout << "地址:" << book->personArray[ret].p_address << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//修改联系人信息
void modifyPerson(Book * book)
{
cout << "请输入修改联系人的姓名" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExit(book, name);
if (ret == -1)
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
else
{
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:";
cin >> name;
book->personArray[ret].p_name = name;
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别(1----男 2-----女):";
while (true) //如果输入1和2则正确
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
book->personArray[ret].p_sex = sex;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入性别:";
}
//年龄
int age = 0;
cout << "请输入年龄:";
while (true)
{
cin >> age;
if (age >= 1 && age <= 100)
{
book->personArray[ret].p_age = age;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入年龄:";
}
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入电话:";
while (true)
{
cin >> phone;
if (phone.size() == 11)
{
book->personArray[ret].p_phone = phone;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入电话:";
}
//地址
string adrress;
cout << "请输入地址:";
cin >> adrress;
book->personArray[ret].p_address = adrress;
cout << "修改成功!" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
//清空联系人
void clearPerson(Book * book)
{
cout << "确定清空吗?输入 Y or N" << endl;
string selection;
cin >> selection;
if (selection == "Y")
{
book->p_num = 0;
cout << "清空成功!" << endl;
}
else if (selection == "N")
{
cout << "取消成功" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "输入非法,返回主界面" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
注:此部分代码已上传
github:https://github.com/ShuaiWang-Code/c-/tree/master/book