单片机定时器与串口通信

单片机定时器与串口通信

1、利用中断发出1Khz的方波信号，驱动蜂鸣器鸣叫。

首先，在keil软件编写c文件，生成hex文件

#include<reg51.h>  			
sbit sound = P2^5;  			
#define f1(a) (65536-a)/256		
#define f2(a) (65536-a)%256    		
unsigned int i = 500;
unsigned int j = 0;

void main(void)
{
    EA = 1;                  		
    ET1 = 1;                		        
    TMOD = 0x10; 			
    TH1 = f1(i);      			
    TL1 = f2(i);      			
    TR1 = 1;                 		
    while (1)
    {              				
        i = 460;
        while (j < 2000);
        j = 0;
        i = 360;
        while (j < 2000);
        j = 0;
    }
}
void t1(void) interrupt 3 using 0	
{
    TR1 = 0;                 	
    sound = ~sound; 			
    TH1 = f1(i);   			
    TL1 = f2(i);
    j++;
    TR1 = 1;
}

然后，在proteus中绘制电路图：

使用生成的hex文件，观察仿真运行是否符合运行。

运行正常，使用实机运行

可以看到，运行效果与仿真无误。

2、LED数码管秒表的制作。用2位数码管显示计时时间，最小计时单位为“百毫秒”，计时范围0.1～9.9s。当第1次按一下计时功能键时，秒表开始计时并显示；第2次按一下计时功能键时，停止计时，将计时的时间值送到数码管显示；如果计时到9.9s，将重新开始从0计时；第3次按一下计时功能键，秒表清0。再次按一下计时功能键，则重复上述计时过程。

keil中的c文件：

#include<reg51.h>  			
unsigned char code discode1[] = { 0xbf,0x86,0xdb,0xcf,0xe6,0xed,0xfd,0x87,0xff,0xef };
unsigned char code discode2[] = { 0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f };
unsigned char timer = 0;		
unsigned char second;        
unsigned char key = 0;		
void int_T0() interrupt 1  using 0 		
{
	TR0 = 0;		 
	TH0 = 0xee;	  	
	TL0 = 0x00;	   	
	timer++;
	if (timer == 20)	   
	{
		timer = 0;    			
		second++;   			
		P0 = discode1[second / 10]; 			
		P2 = discode2[second % 10]; 		 
	}
	if (second == 99) 		
	{
		TR0 = 0;			
		second = 0;			
		key = 2;	  		
	}
	else			
	{
		TR0 = 1;			
	}
}
void main()				
{
	TMOD = 0x01;			
	ET0 = 1;                 
	EA = 1;                    	
	second = 0;                	
	P0 = discode1[second / 10];   	
	P2 = discode2[second % 10];   		
	while (1)				
	{
		if ((P3 & 0x80) == 0x00)		
		{
			key++;			
			switch (key)		
			{
			case 1:		
				TH0 = 0xee;
				TL0 = 0x00;	   	
				TR0 = 1;         		
				break;
			case 2:        		
				TR0 = 0;         		
				break;
			case 3:        			
				key = 0;         			
				second = 0;      			
				P0 = discode1[second / 10];   	 				
				P2 = discode2[second % 10];  	
				break;
			}
			while ((P3 & 0x80) == 0x00);     		
		}
	}
}

proteus图：

仿真运行：

实机运行：

3、使用定时器实现一个LCD显示时钟。

c文件：

#include<reg51.h>
#include<lcd1602.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
uchar int_time;				
uchar second;				
uchar minute;			
uchar hour;			
uchar code date[] = "  H.I.T. CHINA  ";	
uchar code time[] = " TIME  23:59:55 ";	
uchar second = 55, minute = 59, hour = 23;

void clock_init()
{
	uchar i, j;
	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
	{
		write_data(date[i]);
	}
	write_com(0x80 + 0x40);
	for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
	{
		write_data(time[j]);
	}
}

void clock_write(uint s, uint m, uint h)
{
	write_sfm(0x47, h);
	write_sfm(0x4a, m);
	write_sfm(0x4d, s);
}

void main()
{
	init1602();	
	clock_init();		
	TMOD = 0x01;			
	EA = 1;            	
	ET0 = 1; 			
	TH0 = (65536 - 46483) / 256;	
	TL0 = (65536 - 46483) % 256;
	TR0 = 1;
	int_time = 0;		
	second = 55;
	minute = 59;
	hour = 23;
	while (1)
	{
		clock_write(second, minute, hour);
	}
}
void  T0_interserve(void)  interrupt 1  using 1 	
{
	int_time++;			
	if (int_time == 20) 		
	{
		int_time = 0; 	
		second++;			
	}
	if (second == 60)		
	{
		second = 0; 			
		minute++;			
	}
	if (minute == 60)			
	{
		minute = 0;		
		hour++;		
	}
	if (hour == 24)
	{
		hour = 0;			
	}
	TH0 = (65536 - 46083) / 256;		
	TL0 = (65536 - 46083) % 256;
}

proteus图：

实机效果：

4、（甲乙两个单片机串口通信）在实物实验时，如果不能找到两个普中单片机，用笔记本电脑的串口助手程序代替其中一个单片机，实现课件上描述的主要功能。

甲机c文件：

#include <reg51.h>
sbit p = PSW ^ 0;		
unsigned char Receive(void)		
{
    unsigned char dat;
    while (RI == 0); 		
    ;
    RI = 0;			
    ACC = SBUF;			
    if (RB8 == P) 			
    {
        dat = ACC;		
        return dat;		
    }
}
void main(void) 		
{
    TMOD = 0x20;		
    SCON = 0xd0;		
    PCON = 0x00;  	
    TH1 = 0xfd;	
    TL1 = 0xfd;
    TR1 = 1;		
    REN = 1;
    while (1)
    {
        P1 = Receive();			
    }
}

乙机c文件：

#include <reg51.h>
sbit p = PSW ^ 0;	
unsigned char Tab[8] = { 0xfe, 0xfd, 0xfb, 0xf7, 0xef, 0xdf, 0xbf, 0x7f };  
void Send(unsigned char dat)		
{
	TB8 = P; 			
	SBUF = dat;
	while (TI == 0); 		
	;					
	TI = 0; 				
}
void delay(void) 		
{
	unsigned char m, n;
	for (m = 0; m < 250; m++)
		for (n = 0; n < 250; n++);
}

void main(void) 				
{
	unsigned char i;
	TMOD = 0x20;			
	SCON = 0xc0;			
	PCON = 0x00;  			
	TH1 = 0xfd;				
	TL1 = 0xfd;
	TR1 = 1;			
	while (1)
	{
		for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
		{
			Send(Tab[i]);
			delay();		
		}
	}
}

proteus图：

仿真效果：

5、将单片机串口与笔记本电脑串口模块相连，单片机每隔2秒发送“Hello C51”，笔记本电脑用串口助手软件接收。 如果串口助手发送字符“0" 给单片机，则单片机停止发送； 如果单片机收到“1”，则继续每隔2秒发送“Hello C51”。

c文件：

#include <reg51.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define uchar unsigned char	
unsigned char TR = 0;
void delay(unsigned int i)
{
	unsigned char j;
	for (; i > 0; i--)
		for (j = 0; j < 125; j++)
			;
}
void int_isr(void) interrupt 4
{
	if (RI == 1)
	{

		if (SBUF == 1)
		{
			TR = 1;
		}
		if (SBUF == 0)
		{
			TR = 0;
		}
		RI = 0;
	}
}
void main()
{
	TH1 = 0xFD;
	TL1 = TH1;
	TMOD |= 0x20;
	SCON = 0x50;
	ES = 1;
	TR1 = 1;
	TI = 1;
	EA = 1;
	while (1)
	{
		if (TR == 1)
		{
			while (1)
			{
				printf("Hello C51\n");
				delay(1000);
				if (TR == 0)break;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			while (1)
			{

				if (TR == 1)break;
			}
		}
	}
}

实机效果：

6.总结

学了。