Java泛型与数据库的应用

一 点睛

BaseDao定义了基本的数据库增删查改， 之后可以继承该泛型类，实现各自的增删查改，或者使用超类的增删查改，同时每个继承类还能增加自己的操作。

二 实战

1 BaseDao.java

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

public class BaseDao<T> {
    Connection connection;
    PreparedStatement pStatement;
    String urlString = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8";
    String drivString = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";

    void OpenDB() {
        try {
            if (connection == null) {
                Class.forName(drivString);
                this.connection = DriverManager.getConnection(urlString, "root", "123456");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    void CloseDB() {
        try {
            if (pStatement != null) pStatement.close();
            if (connection != null) connection.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void Save( T t ) {
        OpenDB();
        String table = "";
        String sqlString = "insert into ";
        try {
            table = t.getClass().getSimpleName();
            Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
            sqlString += table;
            String sqlNameString = "";
            String sqlValString = "";
            for (Field field : fields) {
                sqlNameString += field.getName() + ",";
                sqlValString += "?,";
            }
            sqlNameString = sqlNameString.substring(0, sqlNameString.length() - 1);
            sqlValString = sqlValString.substring(0, sqlValString.length() - 1);
            pStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sqlString + " (" + sqlNameString + ") values (" + sqlValString + ")");
            int n = 1;
            for (Field field : fields) {
                field.setAccessible(true);
                System.out.println(field.get(t).toString());
                pStatement.setString(n, field.get(t).toString());
                n++;
            }
            pStatement.executeUpdate();
            CloseDB();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            CloseDB();
        }


    }

    public void Del( T t ) {
    }

    public void Update( T t ) {
    }

    public void Search( T t ) {
    }

}

2 StudentDao.java

public class StudentDao extends BaseDao<Student> {
}

3 TeacherDao.java

public class TeacherDao extends BaseDao<Teacher> {
}

4 Student.java

public class Student {
   public String name;
   public int age;
   public String dept;
   /**
    * @return the name
    */
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   /**
    * @param name the name to set
    */
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   /**
    * @return the age
    */
   public int getAge() {
      return age;
   }
   /**
    * @param age the age to set
    */
   public void setAge(int age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   /**
    * @return the dept
    */
   public String getDept() {
      return dept;
   }
   /**
    * @param dept the dept to set
    */
   public void setDept(String dept) {
      this.dept = dept;
   }
   
}

5 Teacher.java

public class Teacher {
}

6 TestDao.java

public class TestDao {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      System.out.println("ok");
      Student stud=new Student();
      stud.age=20;
      stud.name="zhangsan";
      stud.dept="computer";
      StudentDao sd=new StudentDao();
      sd.Save(stud);
      System.out.println(stud.dept);
   }

}

三 运行

ok
zhangsan
20
computer
computer

四 怎样在IDEA中导入jar包

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38000422/article/details/79962314

五 另外一种写法

StudentDao.java

public class StudentDao<M> extends BaseDao<M> {       // 这里的M可以是任意合法标识符

}

TestDao.java

public class TestDao {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("ok");
		Student stud=new Student();
		stud.age=20;
		stud.name="zhangsan2";
		stud.dept="computer";
		StudentDao<Student> sd=new StudentDao<>();   // 这里要说明是Student
		sd.Save(stud);
		System.out.println(stud.dept);

		TeacherDao<Teacher> te= new TeacherDao<>();
	}

}