GDUT - 专题学习5 E - Lost Cows

题目

N (2 <= N <= 8,000) cows have unique brands in the range 1..N. In a spectacular display of poor judgment, they visited the neighborhood 'watering hole' and drank a few too many beers before dinner. When it was time to line up for their evening meal, they did not line up in the required ascending numerical order of their brands.

Regrettably, FJ does not have a way to sort them. Furthermore, he's not very good at observing problems. Instead of writing down each cow's brand, he determined a rather silly statistic: For each cow in line, he knows the number of cows that precede that cow in line that do, in fact, have smaller brands than that cow.

Given this data, tell FJ the exact ordering of the cows.

Input

* Line 1: A single integer, N

* Lines 2..N: These N-1 lines describe the number of cows that precede a given cow in line and have brands smaller than that cow. Of course, no cows precede the first cow in line, so she is not listed. Line 2 of the input describes the number of preceding cows whose brands are smaller than the cow in slot #2; line 3 describes the number of preceding cows whose brands are smaller than the cow in slot #3; and so on.

Output

* Lines 1..N: Each of the N lines of output tells the brand of a cow in line. Line #1 of the output tells the brand of the first cow in line; line 2 tells the brand of the second cow; and so on.

Sample

Inputcopy	Outputcopy
5 1 2 1 0	2 4 5 3 1

题目大意

有一个1~n的无序数列，第x行给出一个数（2≤x≤n），表示x前面有几个数小于x，求该数列所有数的顺序。

思路

用递归的做法时间复杂度是O(n²），显然超时了，用二分查找加线段树即可，复杂度O(nlog²n)。

代码

#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<algorithm>
#include<math.h>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
const int N = 8e4 + 5;
int c[N], n, a[N], b[N];
int lowbit(int x)
{
	return x & -x;
}
int ask(int x)
{
	int res = 0;
	for (; x; x -= lowbit(x))
	{

		res += c[x];
	}
	return res;
}
void update(int x, int d)
{
	for (; x <= n; x += lowbit(x))
	{
		c[x] += d;
	}
	return;
}
int main()
{
	ios::sync_with_stdio(0);
	cin.tie(0);
	cin >> n;
	a[1] = 0;
	for (int i = 2; i <= n; ++i)
	{
		cin >> a[i];
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
	{
		update(i, 1);
	}
	for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i)
	{
		int l = 0, r = n;
		while (l < r)
		{
			int mid = (l + r + 1) / 2;
			if (ask(mid) > a[i])
			{
				r = mid - 1;
			}
			else
			{
				l = mid;
			}
		}
		b[i] = l + 1;
		update(l + 1, -1);
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
	{
		cout << b[i] << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}