蓝牙设置和实现

蓝牙

为了让支持蓝牙的设备能够在彼此之间传输数据，它们必须先通过配对过程形成通信通道。其中一台设备（可检测到的设备）需将自身设置为可接收传入的连接请求。另一台设备会使用服务发现过程找到此可检测到的设备。在可检测到的设备接受配对请求后，这两台设备会完成绑定过程，并在此期间交换安全密钥。二者会缓存这些密钥，以供日后使用。完成配对和绑定过程后，两台设备会交换信息。当会话完成时，发起配对请求的设备会发布已将其链接到可检测设备的通道。但是，这两台设备仍保持绑定状态，因此在未来的会话期间，只要二者在彼此的范围内且均未移除绑定，便可自动重新连接。

声明权限

<manifest ... >
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

  <!-- If your app targets Android 9 or lower, you can declare
       ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION instead. -->
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
  ...
</manifest>

使用配置文件

BluetoothHeadset bluetoothHeadset;

// Get the default adapter
BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

private BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener profileListener = new BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener() {
    public void onServiceConnected(int profile, BluetoothProfile proxy) {
        if (profile == BluetoothProfile.HEADSET) {
            bluetoothHeadset = (BluetoothHeadset) proxy;
        }
    }
    public void onServiceDisconnected(int profile) {
        if (profile == BluetoothProfile.HEADSET) {
            bluetoothHeadset = null;
        }
    }
};

// Establish connection to the proxy.
bluetoothAdapter.getProfileProxy(context, profileListener, BluetoothProfile.HEADSET);

// ... call functions on bluetoothHeadset

// Close proxy connection after use.
bluetoothAdapter.closeProfileProxy(bluetoothHeadset);

设置蓝牙

BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {
    // Device doesn't support Bluetooth
}

作为服务器连接

private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
    private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;

    public AcceptThread() {
        // Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmServerSocket
        // because mmServerSocket is final.
        BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
        try {
            // MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used by the client code.
            tmp = bluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Socket's listen() method failed", e);
        }
        mmServerSocket = tmp;
    }

    public void run() {
        BluetoothSocket socket = null;
        // Keep listening until exception occurs or a socket is returned.
        while (true) {
            try {
                socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Socket's accept() method failed", e);
                break;
            }

            if (socket != null) {
                // A connection was accepted. Perform work associated with
                // the connection in a separate thread.
                manageMyConnectedSocket(socket);
                mmServerSocket.close();
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    // Closes the connect socket and causes the thread to finish.
    public void cancel() {
        try {
            mmServerSocket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Could not close the connect socket", e);
        }
    }
}

作为客户端连接

private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
    private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
    private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;

    public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
        // Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmSocket
        // because mmSocket is final.
        BluetoothSocket tmp = null;
        mmDevice = device;

        try {
            // Get a BluetoothSocket to connect with the given BluetoothDevice.
            // MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used in the server code.
            tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Socket's create() method failed", e);
        }
        mmSocket = tmp;
    }

    public void run() {
        // Cancel discovery because it otherwise slows down the connection.
        bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();

        try {
            // Connect to the remote device through the socket. This call blocks
            // until it succeeds or throws an exception.
            mmSocket.connect();
        } catch (IOException connectException) {
            // Unable to connect; close the socket and return.
            try {
                mmSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException closeException) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Could not close the client socket", closeException);
            }
            return;
        }

        // The connection attempt succeeded. Perform work associated with
        // the connection in a separate thread.
        manageMyConnectedSocket(mmSocket);
    }

    // Closes the client socket and causes the thread to finish.
    public void cancel() {
        try {
            mmSocket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Could not close the client socket", e);
        }
    }
}

运行结果截图