When you are setting up a long range Wi-Fi connection, you want to make sure that your connection is as solid as possible, but can you use a mixture of antenna types or should you go with high-gain only? Today’s SuperUser Q&A post has the answers to a confused reader’s question.
设置远程Wi-Fi连接时，您要确保连接尽可能牢固，但是可以混合使用多种天线类型还是仅采用高增益？ 今天的“超级用户问答”帖子解答了一个困惑的读者的问题。
Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites.
今天的“问答”环节由SuperUser提供，它是Stack Exchange的一个分支，该社区是由社区驱动的Q＆A网站分组。
Photo courtesy of Karlis Dambrans (Flickr).
图片由Karlis Dambrans(Flickr)提供 。
问题 (The Question)
SuperUser reader userpal wants to know if he needs to have high-gain antennas on both ends of his long range Wi-Fi connection:
超级用户阅读器userpal想知道他是否需要在远程Wi-Fi连接的两端都装有高增益天线：
I am trying to understand how long range Wi-Fi works. As far as I know, Wi-Fi consists of Rx and Tx. When a laptop is connected to an AP, the laptop is able to receive data from the AP (Rx) and also transmit data back to the AP (Tx).
我正在尝试了解远程Wi-Fi可以工作多长时间。 据我所知，Wi-Fi由Rx和Tx组成。 当便携式计算机连接到AP时，便携式计算机既可以从AP接收数据(Rx)，又可以将数据发送回AP(Tx)。
Suppose I want to build a long range Wi-Fi setup to cover a large area and I connect a high-gain omni-directional antenna like the one shown in this diagram to the AP.
假设我想建立一个覆盖大面积的远程Wi-Fi装置，并将此图所示的高增益全向天线连接到AP。
So assume that the original AP’s Wi-Fi signal radius is 250 meters, but by using the high-gain antenna, the radius become 1,000 meters.
因此，假设原始AP的Wi-Fi信号半径为250米，但是通过使用高增益天线，半径变为1000米。
At 1,000 meters away from the AP and using a normal laptop (without a high-gain antenna), I try to connect to the AP. The signal from the AP is able to reach the laptop, but the signal from the laptop should not be able to reach the AP. Under these conditions, can the laptop actually connect to the AP?
在距离AP 1000米的地方，并使用一台普通笔记本电脑(没有高增益天线)，我尝试连接到AP。 来自AP的信号可以到达笔记本电脑，但是来自笔记本电脑的信号应该不能到达AP。 在这种情况下，笔记本电脑可以实际连接到AP吗？
Wi-Fi diagram courtesy of Freeman’s Garage Blog.
Wi-Fi图由 Freeman's Garage Blog提供 。
Does userpal actually need high-gain antennas on both ends of his long range Wi-Fi connection or not?
Userpal是否实际上在其远程Wi-Fi连接的两端都需要高增益天线？
答案 (The Answer)
SuperUser contributors mgjk, Jamie Hanrahan, and David Cary have the answer for us. First up, mgjk:
超级用户贡献者mgjk，Jamie Hanrahan和David Cary为我们提供了答案。 首先，mgjk：
The antenna changes the shape of the transmission. The electrical signal does not become more powerful, but less is wasted during transmission in directions which are not useful (i.e. up and down).
天线改变了传输的形状。 电信号不会变得更强大，但是在传输过程中沿无用的方向(即向上和向下)浪费的更少。
Similarly with reception, the signals are received from a more narrow field, which strengthens reception and reduces interference.
与接收类似，从更窄的场接收信号，这可以增强接收效果并减少干扰。
It is similar to talking through a cone, then listening through the cone for a response. The person at the other end does not need any special equipment, but you have increased the range and sensitivity.
这类似于通过圆锥体说话，然后通过圆锥体收听以获取响应。 另一端的人不需要任何特殊设备，但您增加了范围和灵敏度。
Followed by the answer from Jamie Hanrahan:
随后是杰米·汉拉汉(Jamie Hanrahan)的回答：
High-gain antennas provide gain on both transmitting and receiving. So, with such an antenna at only one end, you will get more range than with a standard antenna at each end, but less than with a high gain antenna at both ends.
高增益天线在发送和接收时均提供增益。 因此，仅在一端使用这种天线，与在两端使用标准天线相比，您将获得更大的覆盖范围，但比在两端使用高增益天线时要少。
And our final answer from David Cary:
我们对戴维·卡里的最终回答是：
You might also mention antenna reciprocity — if a directional antenna can transmit four times as far as a standard antenna, then the same directional antenna can receive from four times as far away as a standard antenna.
您可能还会提到天线互易性 -如果定向天线的发射距离是标准天线的四倍，则同一定向天线的接收距离是标准天线的四倍。
Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.
有什么补充说明吗？ 在评论中听起来不错。 是否想从其他精通Stack Exchange的用户那里获得更多答案？ 在此处查看完整的讨论线程 。
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