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Baffled by all the different types of web hosting? Unsure what they all are or which is the right one for you? You’re not alone. To help, this post will look at each different type of hosting and explain what they are.
困惑于所有不同类型的网络托管？ 不确定它们都是什么，或者哪个是最适合您的？ 你不是一个人。 为了帮助您，本文将介绍每种不同类型的主机并解释它们是什么。
什么是虚拟主机？ (What is web hosting?)
Before we discuss the different types of hosting, it is helpful to understand what hosting is and why you need it. Essentially, your website is a set of files that you are sharing over the internet with other people. As a website, you want these files to be accessible all the time and easily found by anyone looking for the information you publish. To make this happen, your website content and the software that makes your website work have to be installed on a special kind of computer called a webserver. A webserver is connected to the internet 24/7 and enables your web pages to be downloaded to someone’s browser for viewing or interacting with. The webserver, therefore, is where your website is hosted and the company that provides the webserver is your web host or service provider.
在讨论不同类型的托管之前，了解什么是托管以及为什么需要托管将很有帮助。 本质上，您的网站是一组您通过Internet与其他人共享的文件。 作为一个网站，您希望这些文件始终可访问，并且任何寻找您发布的信息的人都可以轻松找到。 为此，必须将您的网站内容和使网站正常工作的软件安装在称为Web服务器的特殊计算机上。 Web服务器连接到Internet 24/7，并可以将您的网页下载到某人的浏览器以进行查看或与之交互。 因此，Web服务器是您的网站的托管地，提供Web服务器的公司是您的Web主机或服务提供商。
The other important thing to mention is the operating system. Generally, all hosting is either run on Windows or Linux operating systems. While Windows is the most popular operating system for home computers, most website software is designed to run on Linux. When purchasing hosting, you will need to choose the operating system that your software needs.
要提到的另一个重要事项是操作系统。 通常，所有托管都可以在Windows或Linux操作系统上运行。 Windows是家用计算机上最受欢迎的操作系统，而大多数网站软件都设计为在Linux上运行。 购买主机时，您将需要选择软件所需的操作系统。
Here’s an overview of different hosting types.
以下是不同托管类型的概述。
共享主机 (Shared hosting)
Shared hosting is the cheapest and most popular form of web hosting and is suitable for small business or personal websites. What makes it inexpensive is that the web host takes one large server and divides up the storage space for many different users. In effect, you will be leasing a small slice of a large hard drive.
共享托管是最便宜和最受欢迎的Web托管形式，适用于小型企业或个人网站。 便宜的原因在于，Web主机采用一台大型服务器并为许多不同的用户分配了存储空间。 实际上，您将租赁一小块大硬盘。
While this slice can be big enough for all your website’s files and data, the downside of shared hosting is that you also have to share all the other web server resources, such as RAM and CPU. If lots of other users have busy websites, there may be times when your website is affected and loads slowly or performs poorly on people’s devices. It is similar to having too many programs running on your computer and finding that they lag or freeze.
尽管此切片足以容纳您所有网站的文件和数据，但共享托管的缺点是您还必须共享所有其他Web服务器资源，例如RAM和CPU。 如果许多其他用户的网站繁忙，则有时您的网站可能会受到影响并缓慢加载或在人们的设备上运行不佳。 这类似于计算机上运行太多程序并发现它们滞后或冻结。
专业共享托管 (Specialised shared hosting)
Today, lots of web hosts offer specialist forms of shared hosting. In many instances, this is done by configuring the web server so particular types of website software can perform optimally. You may, for example, see WordPress, Joomla, Magento or Drupal hosting and these packages will also include other features to improve the hosting or make things easier for users of those types of software.
如今，许多Web主机都提供共享主机的专业形式。 在许多情况下，这是通过配置Web服务器来完成的，以便特定类型的网站软件可以最佳地执行。 例如，您可能会看到WordPress，Joomla，Magento或Drupal托管，并且这些软件包还将包含其他功能，以改善托管或使那些类型的软件的用户更容易使用。
Additionally, some hosts offer shared hosting with particular types of control panel, such as the cPanel hosting here at eukhost. cPanel is a leading control panel whose user-friendly interface and comprehensive range of tools make it a breeze to manage your website. You may also find shared hosting packages that are specially designed for business users or bloggers.
此外，某些主机还提供具有特定类型控制面板的共享主机，例如eukhost上的cPanel主机 。 cPanel是一个领先的控制面板，其友好的用户界面和广泛的工具使您轻松管理网站。 您可能还会发现专门为企业用户或博客创建的共享托管程序包。
VPS (VPS)
A virtual private server (VPS) is the next step up from shared hosting. It uses clever virtualisation technology to create several small, virtual servers on a single physical server. The difference between shared hosting and VPS is that your VPS is completely independent of all the other VPS on the physical server, so you don’t have to share resources or endure the issues this can cause. You even get your own operating system.
虚拟专用服务器(VPS)是共享托管的下一步。 它使用巧妙的虚拟化技术在单个物理服务器上创建多个小型虚拟服务器。 共享托管和VPS之间的区别在于，您的VPS完全独立于物理服务器上的所有其他VPS，因此您不必共享资源或忍受可能引起的问题。 您甚至拥有自己的操作系统。
The other chief difference is that a VPS package is much bigger than a shared hosting package. In essence, it is like a mini dedicated server, giving you substantially more storage, CPU and RAM. This makes it ideal to run large websites, multiple websites or other types of application for your business. The surprising thing about VPS is that they are cheap, costing from as little as £15.59 a month (at time of publication).
另一个主要区别是VPS软件包比共享主机软件包大得多。 从本质上讲，它就像一个小型专用服务器，为您提供了更多的存储，CPU和RAM。 因此，非常适合为您的企业运行大型网站，多个网站或其他类型的应用程序。 VPS令人惊讶的事情是它们很便宜，每月的费用仅为15.59英镑(在发布时)。
专用服务器 (Dedicated server)
With shared hosting, a user gets a small share of a large webserver. The term ‘dedicated server’ simply means that you get that entire server dedicated for your own use. This provides you with enormous amounts of disk space together with substantial processing power and RAM. This is ideal for bigger businesses that need to run large websites, store lots of data and run critical business applications which need to be online all of the time. Compared to VPS, these can be much more expensive solutions.
通过共享托管，用户可以获得大型Web服务器的一小部分。 术语“专用服务器”仅表示您将整个服务器专用于自己的用途。 这为您提供了大量的磁盘空间以及强大的处理能力和RAM。 对于需要运行大型网站，存储大量数据并运行需要始终在线的关键业务应用程序的大型企业而言，这是理想的选择。 与VPS相比，这些解决方案可能更为昂贵。
云托管 (Cloud hosting)
The cloud is a vast network of interconnected servers hosted in huge data centres. Using virtualisation, websites can be moved instantaneously from one physical machine to another, even across geographical locations. This means if there is a problem with the physical hardware, a cloud-hosted website or application will never go offline.
云是由大型数据中心托管的互连服务器组成的庞大网络。 使用虚拟化，网站可以立即从一台物理计算机移动到另一台物理计算机，甚至可以跨地理位置移动。 这意味着，如果物理硬件出现问题，云托管的网站或应用程序将永远不会离线。
Cloud’s virtual technology also means that companies that need extra computing resources at a moment’s notice, can instantly have it at their disposal – and in enormous quantities. What’s more, the cloud is paid for on a pay as you go basis, so you only pay for the resources you need as and when you need them. You can scale up or down at any time.
云的虚拟技术还意味着，需要即时通知需要额外计算资源的公司，可以立即将其大量使用。 而且，云是按使用量付费的，因此您只在需要时按需购买资源。 您可以随时放大或缩小。
Accessible over the internet, cloud hosting brings with it many of the benefits of connectivity – flexible working, working from home, collaboration, etc. It’s scalability also makes it ideal for carrying out big data analytics or making use of technologies such as AI, machine learning or the Internet of Things.
云托管可通过Internet访问，带来了许多连接优势–灵活的工作，在家工作，协作等。它的可扩展性使其成为进行大数据分析或利用AI，机器等技术的理想选择学习或物联网。
There are three different types of cloud hosting: public, private and hybrid. Public cloud is where the hardware, software and other infrastructure are shared with all the other cloud tenants and managed by the web host, whereas in a private cloud those resources are used exclusively by you. Hybrid cloud is where a company makes use of both private and public solutions, often with dedicated servers included in the mix.
有三种不同类型的云托管：公共，私有和混合。 公共云是硬件，软件和其他基础架构与所有其他云租户共享并由Web主机管理的地方，而在私有云中，这些资源仅由您使用。 混合云是公司同时使用私有和公共解决方案的地方，通常混合使用专用服务器。
托管托管 (Managed hosting)
Managed hosting is not a different type of hosting solution but a feature of many of the above. It is a service provided by the web host to manage your server for you. This will typically include looking after the physical hardware, ensuring the server is working optimally and updating the operating system on your behalf. For certain types of hosting, this form of server management is included in your package.
托管托管不是托管解决方案的另一种类型，而是上述许多功能的一部分。 Web主机提供的一项服务，可以为您管理服务器。 这通常包括照顾物理硬件，确保服务器以最佳状态运行以及代表您更新操作系统。 对于某些类型的主机，您的软件包中包括这种形式的服务器管理。
企业托管 (Enterprise hosting)
Some companies have extraordinarily complex IT needs which require bespoke hosting and support solutions. Service providers, like eukhost, have the infrastructure and expertise to offer these tailored solutions, often referred to as enterprise hosting.
一些公司对IT的需求非常复杂，因此需要定制的托管和支持解决方案。 服务提供商(例如eukhost)具有基础设施和专业知识，可提供这些量身定制的解决方案，通常称为企业托管 。
Conclusion
结论
As you can see, there is a wide range of hosting solutions available, ranging from the basic shared hosting needed to run a small website to the complex solutions needed by large companies to run a range of critical applications. Hopefully, this post will have given you a clear idea of what these types of hosting are and which is most relevant to you.
如您所见，有各种各样的托管解决方案可用，从运行一个小型网站所需的基本共享托管到大型公司运行一系列关键应用程序所需的复杂解决方案。 希望这篇文章可以使您清楚地了解这些类型的主机是什么以及与您最相关的主机。
For more information visit eukhost.com.
有关更多信息，请访问eukhost.com 。
翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/hosting-confusion-different-web-hosting-types-explained/
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