ux设计中的各种地图_每个人都应该了解在UX设计中集成信息架构的知识

ux设计中的各种地图

Your website may have a lot to convey but if the content is not structured properly on your website it could mean people leaving your website soon after landing on it. It is no secret that websites that do well have been designed well and the information on them is easily accessible. However, it needs to be acknowledged that such websites cannot be created overnight and requires a lot of planning.

您的网站可能需要传达很多信息，但是如果网站上的内容结构不正确，则可能意味着人们在登陆网站后不久便离开了您的网站。 表现出色的网站设计得当并且可以轻松访问其上的信息已不是什么秘密。 但是，需要承认的是，此类网站无法在一夜之间创建，并且需要进行大量规划。

Well- planned Information Architecture is the secret sauce here that can be the difference between a website that is high on bounce rates and a website that has visitors staying on it for a long time.

精心计划的信息体系结构是这里的秘密所在，这可能是跳出率高的网站与访客停留了很长时间的网站之间的区别。

By now you’re are probably thinking – But isn’t Information Architecture just another fancy word for UX and UI design?

到目前为止，您可能正在思考–但是信息架构不是UX和UI设计的另一个花哨的词吗？

The answer is No. Information Architecture is the scientific process of structuring the content that needs to be displayed on a website. IA helps to create a blueprint that will outline the hierarchy of information on your website and also tell you about what to highlight or how much to display.

答案是否定的。信息体系结构是构造需要在网站上显示的内容的科学过程。 IA有助于创建一个蓝图，该蓝图将概述您网站上的信息层次结构，并告诉您要突出显示的内容或要显示的内容。

IA helps to organize a website’s content in such a way that it helps a user to easily find it and use it.

IA有助于组织网站内容，以帮助用户轻松找到并使用它。

UX on the other hand has a much broader umbrella under which IA is also included. 

另一方面，UX具有更广泛的保护范围，其中还包括IA。

Thus to sum up, Information Architecture is responsible for ensuring that there a good user interface in place and it is the starting point for UX design.

综上所述，信息体系结构负责确保存在良好的用户界面，这是UX设计的起点。

Here are five innovative tips that will help you integrate Information Architecture into UX design.

这里有五个创新技巧，可以帮助您将信息体系结构集成到UX设计中。

牢记产品目标
( Keep the goals of your products in mind
)

Before you start constructing your information architecture you need to be clear about the expectations of your users from your website or app. This means that you should be able to see the bigger picture of what is the end goal of whatever is being offered on the website. There should be a clearly outlined product objective and product strategy that is understood by all the members of the creative team. Understanding of objectives means that there is a clear understanding of what to do and where to begin. When goals are clearly outlined, it helps to get all the teams on the same page and designers can get started without the possibility of wasted man hours due to clarity of targets to achieve.

在开始构建信息体系结构之前，您需要明确用户对您网站或应用程序的期望。 这意味着您应该能够从更大的角度了解网站上提供的任何产品的最终目标。 创意团队的所有成员都应该清楚地概述产品目标和产品策略。 对目标的理解意味着对做什么和从哪里开始有了清晰的了解。 当目标明确列出时，有助于使所有团队都在同一页面上，并且设计师可以开始工作，而不会因为要实现的目标明确而浪费工时。

考虑格式塔心理学原理
( Consider Gestalt principles of Psychology
)

Cognitive Psychology involves the study of the mind and mental processes which help people to acquire, process and store information in the brain.

认知心理学涉及对心理和心理过程的研究，这有助于人们在大脑中获取，处理和存储信息。

Familiarity with psychological principles can help designers create designs that will facilitate users performing those actions that are desired of them. For example – making a purchase.

熟悉心理原理可以帮助设计师创建设计，以方便用户执行他们所希望的动作。 例如–进行购买。

There are psychological principles known as the Gestalt principles that can help designers come up with effective designs.

有被称为格式塔(Gestalt)原则的心理学原理，可以帮助设计师提出有效的设计。

These principles are

这些原则是

Similarity: Objects that look somewhat similar are going to be perceived as part of the same group. This similarity could on the basis of shape, colour, size, texture or value. This similarity helps users to see unity between the design features. The different circular tabs on the website which talk about the different areas that the WWF works on is are examples of the principle of similarity.

相似性 ：看起来有些相似的对象将被视为同一组的一部分。 这种相似性可以基于形状，颜色，大小，纹理或价值。 这种相似性有助于用户看到设计功能之间的统一性。 关于世界自然基金会工作的不同领域的网站上不同的圆形标签是相似性原则的示例。

Continuation: This principle talks about the flow of the human eye from one object to another. Elements that are arranged in a continuous line are considered by the brain as grouped together. In UI design, the continuity principle helps draw attention to grouped information that will create smoothness on a page and help a reader to move from one content slice to another. Amazon uses the principle of continuity to communicate that each of the products below are similar and related to each other.

延续 ：这个原理讨论了人眼从一个物体到另一个物体的流动。 大脑将以连续线排列的元素组合在一起。 在UI设计中，连续性原则有助于将注意力吸引到分组信息上，这些信息将在页面上产生平滑度，并帮助读者从一个内容切片移动到另一个内容切片。 亚马逊使用连续性原则来传达以下每个产品相似且相互关联的信息。

Closure:  The principle of closure works on the human eye’s ability to close a shape or perceive a shape as complete even though the image or shape might not be complete by mentally filling in the missing pieces of the shape. Artists have long recognized the ability of the human mind to complete an incomplete image and used this in their art. The logo of the World Wildlife Fund www.worldwildlife.org  is   an example of the closure principle.

闭合 ：闭合的原理取决于人眼闭合形状或感知形状完整的能力，即使通过精神上填补形状的缺失部分可能无法完成图像或形状。 长期以来，艺术家已经意识到人的大脑能够完成不完整图像的能力，并将其用于他们的艺术作品中。 世界野生动物基金会的徽标www.worldwildlife.org是封闭原则的一个示例。

Proximity:  The principle of proximity says that when objects are placed next to each other, the human eye sees them together as a group even though the elements might not be related to each other. Lines or shapes can be used in UI to surround elements and create proximity. For e.g. putting words and a picture in a box can give the message to the brain that both are in proximity to each other and hence related. Pinterest uses the principle of proximity to great effect to group images together and create the impression that all the images are related to each other although they are not.

接近度 ： 接近原理说，当对象彼此相邻放置时，即使元素可能彼此不相关，人眼也将它们视为一个组。 可以在UI中使用线条或形状来围绕元素并创建邻近度。 例如，将单词和图片放在盒子中可以向大脑传达彼此靠近并因此相关的信息。 Pinterest使用接近效果的原理将图像分组在一起，并产生一种印象，即所有图像彼此相关，尽管它们之间没有关系。

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Figure/Ground: This principle concludes that the human eye will separate an object from its background and thus highlight the correlation between an object and the space surrounding it.  AngelList does a very good job with the figure-ground principle and tells us that the focus should be on the white on top of the black background.

图形/地面 ：此原理得出的结论是，人眼会将对象与背景分离开，从而突出显示对象与周围空间之间的相关性。 AngelList在图形背景原则方面做得很好，并告诉我们重点应该放在黑色背景上的白色上。

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Using the principles above designers have created powerful content that draws in visitors from the word go.

根据上述原则，设计人员创建了功能强大的内容，从go一词中吸引了访问者。

绘制导航系统
( Plot the navigation system
)

Navigation can be defined as a number of steps and procedures that guides users through an app or website to explore the various parts of the website or app and complete a successful interaction on the site where their goals are fulfilled.  When it comes to Information Architecture, users should be able to move seamlessly through content on the website or app.

导航可以定义为许多步骤和过程，可指导用户浏览应用程序或网站，以浏览网站或应用程序的各个部分，并在实现目标的网站上完成成功的交互。 当涉及到信息体系结构时，用户应该能够无缝浏览网站或应用程序上的内容。

So, navigation is inherently dependent on good IA.

因此，导航从本质上取决于良好的IA。

创建角色 (Create Personas)

Different people with different personalities will visit your website or app. Creating personalities or personas’ which are hypothetical representations of the people who will visit your website or app is also a good way to find out how to best position the content on the site.

不同个性的不同人将访问您的网站或应用。 创建个性化或个性化(假想表示将访问您的网站或应用程序的人)也是一种找到如何最佳地在网站上定位内容的好方法。

Based on your research you can create these personas of different users who will visit your website or app for their different needs. These personas will help you understand the needs, aspirations, behaviour and targets of your real customers. The personas will help broaden your horizons about the different kinds of consumers that are out there and help you relate to them. Using personas will ease the process of designing and also help create a good UX for your target users.

根据您的研究，您可以创建不同用户的这些角色，这些用户将根据您的不同需求访问您的网站或应用。 这些角色将帮助您了解真实客户的需求，期望，行为和目标。 角色将帮助您拓宽对现有各种消费者的了解，并帮助您与他们建立联系。 使用角色将简化设计过程，还有助于为目标用户创建良好的用户体验。

视觉层次结构的整合原则 (Integrate Principles of Visual Hierarchy )

The main agenda of visual hierarchy is to ensure that content on a website or an app is designed in such a way that the user on the site understands the amount of   importance that needs to be assigned to each block of content on their own.

视觉层次结构的主要议程是确保以某种方式设计网站或应用程序上的内容，以使网站上的用户了解需要自行分配给每个内容块的重要性。

This technique takes advantage of the fact that the brain differentiates between objects based on things such as size, colour, alignment and contrast.

该技术利用了这样一个事实，即大脑根据诸如大小，颜色，对齐方式和对比度之类的事物区分对象。

Visual hierarchy is of utmost importance in interpreting the content on a website or app and also enhancing the visual performance on the site.

在解释网站或应用程序上的内容并增强网站上的视觉效果时，视觉层次结构至关重要。

One of the core aspects of  visual hierarchy that designers should keep in mind  while working on the web pages is the scanning patterns of people  as studies have shown that people first scan a web page before reading it.

设计人员在处理网页时应牢记的视觉层次结构的核心方面之一是人员的扫描方式，因为研究表明，人们在阅读网页之前首先要扫描网页。

Designers who familiarize themselves with the principles of visual hierarchy can create an information architecture that will integrate vital elements of content on the areas that are most scanned and thus drive users towards taking the desired actions.

熟悉视觉层次结构原理的设计人员可以创建一种信息体系结构，该体系结构将在扫描最多的区域上整合内容的重要元素，从而推动用户采取所需的行动。

结论 (Conclusion )

It is important for you to understand the people don’t want to wade through a maze of ambiguous content to finally reach what they need and this means that they should easily get access to whatever it is that they have come for in the first place. Here, information architecture is key to building an interface that will give your users exactly the kind of value that they are looking for. Remember, good information architecture and good UX design are mutually inclusive.

对您而言，重要的是要了解人们不想走过迷宫般的模糊内容，以最终达到他们所需要的东西，这意味着他们应该很容易地获得他们最初寻求的东西。 在这里，信息体系结构是构建界面的关键，该界面将为您的用户提供他们所期望的确切价值。 请记住，好的信息架构和好的UX设计是相互包含的。

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翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/what-everybody-ought-to-know-about-integrating-information-architecture-in-ux-design/

ux设计中的各种地图