如何在Raspberry PI上设置Ubuntu MATE

A few days ago a Raspberry Pi I use for CI on my personal projects stopped working. The error was easily fixable, but since running anything on that PI was slow from day one, I decided not to proceed in that direction.

几天前，我在个人项目中用于CI的Raspberry Pi停止工作。 该错误很容易修复，但是由于从第一天起在该PI上运行任何东西都很慢，所以我决定不朝那个方向进行。

Also, because of the same issue I always wanted to switch to another OS – but I never had the proper motivation since everything worked on that Raspberry PI, right? Well the motivation came along with this article :)

另外，由于相同的问题，我一直想切换到另一个操作系统-但由于一切都在该Raspberry PI上进行，因此我从来没有适当的动力，对吗？ 好吧，本文附带了动机：)

Note: The original setup on the Raspberry PI was quite simple: Raspibian OS, VNC Server, and Jenkins.

注意 ：Raspberry PI上的原始设置非常简单：Raspibian OS，VNC Server和Jenkins。

For you that are new to Raspberries here is a little background at what they are, and what they can be used for.

对于刚接触Raspberry的人来说，这里有一些背景知识，它们的用途以及用途。

Raspberry Pi's are basically small computers used most often used to learn programming skills, build hardware projects, do home automation, and some have even found usage in industrial applications.

Raspberry Pi基本上是小型计算机，最常用于学习编程技能，构建硬件项目，进行家庭自动化，有些甚至在工业应用中得到了使用。

There are a few different types of PI's on the market today. To learn more about them please visit the their Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#Generations

当今市场上有几种不同类型的PI。 要了解有关它们的更多信息，请访问其Wikipedia页面： https : //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#Generations

Tools you'll needed to complete this tutorial:

完成本教程所需的工具：

• Raspberry PI
  树莓派
• Micro SD card
  微型SD卡
• Micro SD card adapter for your laptop
  适用于笔记本电脑的Micro SD卡适配器
• Windows
  视窗
• Mouse for Raspberry PI
  Raspberry PI的鼠标
• HDMI cable to connect  your Raspberry PI to at TV or any other kind of screen
  HDMI电缆将Raspberry PI连接到电视或任何其他类型的屏幕
• Keyboard for Raspberry PI is good to have but not necessary as Ubuntu MATE offers on screen keyboard
  Raspberry PI的键盘很好，但不是必需的，因为Ubuntu MATE在屏幕键盘上提供

Once we complete all the steps, this article will show you how to:

完成所有步骤后，本文将向您展示如何：

• Set up Ubuntu MATE on an SD card using Windows
  使用Windows在SD卡上设置Ubuntu MATE
• Install Ubuntu MATE to Raspberry PI
  将Ubuntu MATE安装到Raspberry PI
• Things to do after installing Ubuntu MATE
  安装Ubuntu MATE之后要做的事情

There are several OS options for Raspberry PI available, and Ubuntu Mate is just one option. For more info on other options you can check out this article:

Raspberry PI提供了多种操作系统选项，而Ubuntu Mate只是其中一种。 有关其他选项的更多信息，请查看本文：

将Ubuntu MATE闪烁到Micro SD卡 (Flashing Ubuntu MATE to Micro SD card)

The SD card and USB sticks are called a Flash drives because they have a flash type memory in them. So flashing means creating a bootable drive with a specific operating system (OS) on it.

SD卡和USB记忆棒被称为闪存驱动器，因为它们具有闪存类型的内存。 因此，刷新意味着创建带有特定操作系统(OS)的可引导驱动器。

Navigate to the download page of Ubuntu MATE and download the recommended architecture image for Raspberry PI:

导航到Ubuntu MATE的下载页面，并下载Raspberry PI的推荐体系结构映像：

设置SD卡 (Setting Up the SD Card)

After downloading the Ubuntu MATE image we need to write it to the SD card. To do that we will use the Balena Etcher tool. Etcher is a tool we will download from here:

下载Ubuntu MATE映像后，我们需要将其写入SD卡。 为此，我们将使用Balena Etcher工具。 Etcher是一种工具，我们将从此处下载：

Install Etcher and launch it. Then select the Ubuntu MATE image file you previously downloaded, along with your SD card, and start the flashing process.

安装并启动Etcher。 然后选择先前下载的Ubuntu MATE映像文件以及SD卡，然后开始刷新过程。

Note: Flashing Ubuntu MATE to the SD card takes some time, so feel free to get yourself a cup of coffee.

注意 ：将Ubuntu MATE闪烁到SD卡需要花费一些时间，因此随时可以喝杯咖啡。

Once you are done with flashing, take out the SD card from the adapter and put it in the Raspberry PI. Also, this is the step where you will need to connect the PI with the mouse and a screen.

闪烁完成后，从适配器中取出SD卡，并将其放入Raspberry PI中。 另外，这是您需要将PI与鼠标和屏幕连接的步骤。

在Raspberry PI上安装Ubuntu MATE (Installing Ubuntu MATE on Raspberry PI)

Once you are done connecting all peripherals of the Raspberry PI, connect it to the power source and let it startup.

连接完Raspberry PI的所有外围设备后，将其连接到电源并启动。

The Ubuntu MATE installation process is exactly the same as for ordinary Ubuntu. During this process you will be asked to to select your keyboard layout, timezone, username and password. Here is the step by step instalation guide for Ubuntu 18.04:  Ubuntu installation.

Ubuntu MATE的安装过程与普通Ubuntu完全相同。 在此过程中，系统将要求您选择键盘布局，时区，用户名和密码。 这是Ubuntu 18.04的逐步安装指南： Ubuntu安装 。

After the installation is done you will be greeted by the desktop screen.

安装完成后，桌面屏幕将为您打招呼。

安装Ubuntu MATE之后要做的事情 (Things to do after installing Ubuntu MATE)

更新本地数据库 (Update the local database)

This command updates/maps the local database of your local packages with updates, later allowing your system to fetch new versions of the packages.

此命令使用更新来更新/映射本地软件包的本地数据库，稍后允许您的系统获取软件包的新版本。

sudo apt update

sudo apt更新

升级已安装的软件包 (Upgrading the installed packages)

This command fetches new versions of packages existing on the machine you previously mapped with sudo apt update command.

该命令获取先前使用sudo apt update命令映射的机器上存在的软件包的新版本。

sudo apt upgrade

sudo apt升级

Note: Updating Ubuntu MATE takes a lot of time so feel free to get yourself another cup of coffee, and a pastry to go along with it. If you don't have any pastry around feel free to go to the nearest bakery, because by the time you get back you system will probably be 50% upgraded.

注意：更新Ubuntu MATE会花费很多时间，因此随时可以再喝杯咖啡和糕点。 如果您周围没有糕点，可以随时去最近的面包店，因为到您回来的时候，您的系统可能会升级50％。

安装Ubuntu软件应用程序 (Installing the Ubuntu Software application)

Software Boutique is the default software center on Ubuntu MATE. However, it has a very limited selection of applications, and one of the more interesting apps needed for my project is missing.

Software Boutique是Ubuntu MATE上的默认软件中心。 但是，它的应用程序选择非常有限，并且缺少我的项目所需的更有趣的应用程序之一。

Luckily, since this is an Ubuntu distribution, there is a way to install the standard Ubuntu Software center which has more app choices.Apparently there is a way of installing Ubuntu Software center via Software Bundle. But when selecting the option to doing that I was stuck and nothing seemed to happen for me so I just used the terminal command:

幸运的是，由于这是Ubuntu发行版，因此可以安装具有更多应用程序选择的标准Ubuntu软件中心。显然，可以通过Software Bundle安装Ubuntu Software center。 但是，当选择执行该操作的选项时，我被困住了，对我来说似乎什么也没有发生，所以我只使用了终端命令：

sudo apt install ubuntu-software

sudo apt安装ubuntu-软件

Bra gjort! You have just finished setting up the Ubuntu Mate OS on your Raspberry PI device!

胸罩gjort！ 您刚刚完成了在Raspberry PI设备上设置Ubuntu Mate OS的工作！

Check out more articles like this on my freeCodeCamp profile, Medium profile, and other fun stuff I build on my GitHub page.

在我的freeCodeCamp配置文件 ， 中型配置文件以及我在GitHub页面上构建的其他有趣的东西中查看更多类似的文章。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-set-up-ubuntu-mate-on-raspberry-pi/